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面向追溯主體的果蔬全供應(yīng)鏈區(qū)塊鏈多鏈模型研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(31871525)和廣東省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(202103000033)


Blockchain Multi-chain Model of Fruit and Vegetable Supply Chain for Traceability Subjects
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    摘要:

    面向全供應(yīng)鏈環(huán)節(jié)建立的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品區(qū)塊鏈溯源系統(tǒng),,追溯鏈中存儲(chǔ)面向多個(gè)追溯主體的追溯數(shù)據(jù),由于各主體追溯數(shù)據(jù)的差異化,,跨供應(yīng)鏈環(huán)節(jié)的數(shù)據(jù)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)共享和訪問控制,,敏感數(shù)據(jù)無法差異化保護(hù)和驗(yàn)證,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)數(shù)據(jù)不能針對(duì)性監(jiān)管,。因此,,面向不同追溯主體的追溯數(shù)據(jù)并不適合由同一條區(qū)塊鏈賬本存儲(chǔ)。通過分析果蔬全供應(yīng)鏈各追溯主體的需求,,建立了面向追溯主體的區(qū)塊鏈多鏈追溯架構(gòu),利用溯源鏈實(shí)現(xiàn)消費(fèi)者的溯源需求,,通過共享鏈實(shí)現(xiàn)上下游企業(yè)間的數(shù)據(jù)流轉(zhuǎn),,基于隱私鏈實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)隱私數(shù)據(jù)的安全保護(hù)與授權(quán)共享,利用監(jiān)管鏈實(shí)現(xiàn)監(jiān)管部門對(duì)所有環(huán)節(jié)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)數(shù)據(jù)的管控,。本文基于Hyperledger Fabric設(shè)計(jì)面向追溯主體的果蔬供應(yīng)鏈區(qū)塊鏈模型并實(shí)現(xiàn)了主體鏈果蔬溯源系統(tǒng),,測試結(jié)果表明,,溯源鏈中追溯數(shù)據(jù)平均查詢時(shí)間為38.86ms,獲取共享鏈中已驗(yàn)證的共享數(shù)據(jù)平均耗時(shí)806.80ms,,獲取隱私鏈中已驗(yàn)證的隱私數(shù)據(jù)平均耗時(shí)910.35ms,,獲取監(jiān)管鏈中已驗(yàn)證的監(jiān)管數(shù)據(jù)平均耗時(shí)675.90ms。面向追溯主體建鏈的追溯系統(tǒng)在滿足消費(fèi)者需求的基礎(chǔ)上,,實(shí)現(xiàn)了供應(yīng)鏈各環(huán)節(jié)追溯數(shù)據(jù)的數(shù)據(jù)共享與控制訪問,,解決了異構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ)保護(hù)和驗(yàn)證問題,滿足了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)追溯數(shù)據(jù)針對(duì)性的監(jiān)管需求,,為果蔬區(qū)塊鏈溯源模型設(shè)計(jì)提供了參考和借鑒,。

    Abstract:

    In recent years, agricultural food safety problems have occurred frequently, which seriously infringe on people's health. Due to the traceability feature of blockchain technology, the agricultural food traceability system based on blockchain was introduced, aiming to better supervise all traceability data generated in the supply chain and ensure food safety. The multi-chain traceability system of agricultural food was established for the whole supply chain. It stored traceability data for multiple participating subjects in blockchain. Due to the difference of traceability demand data of each subject, it was difficult to realize data sharing and access control across supply chain links, it was also difficult to protect sensitive data in a differentiated way, and risk traceability data cannot be subjected to targeted supervision. Therefore, the traceability data for different subjects was not suitable to be stored in the same ledger. Based on this idea, a subject-oriented chain building method was proposed, in which the traceability data for different traceability participating subjects were stored in different blockchains. By analyzing the traceability subjects in the fruit and vegetable supply chain, a multi-chain traceability architecture was established based on the traceability participating subjects. The traceability demand of consumers were realized through the traceability chain, the data flow among enterprises was realized through the sharing chain, the security protection and authorization sharing of the enterprises private data were realized based on the privacy chain, and the regulatory chain was used to realize the management and control of risk data in all links by the regulatory authorities. A subject-oriented multi-chain traceability system was designed and implemented based on Hyperledger Fabric. A suitable storage scheme was designed according to the characteristics of each blockchain. At the same time, in order to ensure the authenticity of the data obtained by each subject after data sharing, a collaborative verification method was proposed to achieve this purpose. The test results showed that the average query time of the traceability chain was 38.86ms, the average time to obtain real shared data was about 806.80ms, the average time to obtain real private data was about 910.35ms, and the average time to obtain real regulatory data was about 675.90ms. The subject-oriented chain building traceability system solved the problems existing in the previous blockchain multi chain system on the basis of realizing the traceability requirements of each subject, and provided reference significance for fruit and vegetable blockchain traceability system.

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孫傳恒,萬宇平,羅娜,徐大明,邢斌,楊信廷.面向追溯主體的果蔬全供應(yīng)鏈區(qū)塊鏈多鏈模型研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(4):416-427. SUN Chuanheng, WAN Yuping, LUO Na, XU Daming, XING Bin, YANG Xinting. Blockchain Multi-chain Model of Fruit and Vegetable Supply Chain for Traceability Subjects[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(4):416-427.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-07
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-07-04
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