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群組吸孔氣吸式芹菜排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0701302)


Design and Experiment of Group Air-suction Type Celery Seed Metering Device
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    摘要:

    氣吸式排種器可實(shí)現(xiàn)小顆粒種子的精密排種,,但芹菜種子球度較小,,且農(nóng)藝要求一穴多粒,成為芹菜氣吸式排種器精量排種的難點(diǎn),。為此本文基于CFD流體仿真,,結(jié)合多因素、多水平試驗(yàn)分析及驗(yàn)證等方法,,設(shè)計(jì)一種群組吸孔的氣吸式芹菜精量排種器,。以西芹“文圖拉”芹菜種子為研究對(duì)象,首先,,根據(jù)芹菜種子三軸尺寸,,確定吸孔形狀及尺寸;其次,,通過(guò)CFD流場(chǎng)仿真研究不同吸孔分布結(jié)構(gòu)下吸孔負(fù)壓并確定群組吸孔數(shù)量,;再次,,通過(guò)理論分析推導(dǎo)確定最低吸種負(fù)壓,;最后,以氣室真空度,、種盤轉(zhuǎn)速,、吸孔分布結(jié)構(gòu)為試驗(yàn)因素,以漏播率,、重播率,、合格率為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),,進(jìn)行三因素三水平正交試驗(yàn)。通過(guò)極差分析和方差分析確定了影響排種性能的主次因素與最佳參數(shù)組合,。結(jié)果表明:氣吸式芹菜精密排種器較優(yōu)組合參數(shù)為氣室真空度-4kPa,、種盤轉(zhuǎn)速20.75r/min、吸孔分布結(jié)構(gòu)為正等邊三角形,,此時(shí)播種合格率為88.9%,,漏播率為5.1%,重播率為6.0%,。田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果為:合格率83.48%,,重播率9.15%,漏播率7.37%,。本研究實(shí)現(xiàn)了氣吸式芹菜精密穴播,,可為一穴多粒球度較小的小顆粒種子精量排種器設(shè)計(jì)提供參考。

    Abstract:

    The air-suction seed metering device can realize precise seed metering of small particles, but the low sphericity of celery seeds and the agronomic requirements of multiple seeds in one hole bring difficulties to the accurate seed metering research of celery. Aiming at this problem, a celery precise seed metering device was designed and developed with a group of suction holes by using CFD flow field simulation, vacuum derivation, and bench test. Taking celery seed “Ventura” as the research object, firstly, the shape and size of the suction hole were determined according to the triaxial size of the celery seed. Secondly, the CFD flow field simulation determined the numbers of group suction holes. Thirdly, vacuum degree theory determined the lowest negative pressure of seed suction. Finally, a three factors and three levels orthogonal test was carried out with vacuum degree of gas chamber, the rotational speed of seeding plate, and distribution structure of suction hole as test factors, and the missed sowing rate, replaying rate and qualified rate as test indexes. The primary and secondary elements, and the optimal parameter combinations affecting seeding performance were determined using range and variance analyses. The experimental results showed that when the optimal combination parameters of air-suction celery precision seed metering device comprised of vacuum degree of -4kPa, seed disk speed of 20.75r/min, and distribution structure of holes being an equilateral triangle, the qualified rate of seeding was 88.9%, the missed seeding rate was 5.1%, and the replaying rate was 6.0%. Field test demonstrated that the qualified rate of seeding was 83.48%, the missed seeding rate was 9.15%, and the replaying rate was 7.37%. The research realized precision hill-drop planting of celery with an air-suction seed arrangement device.

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李驊,馬云龍,於海明,王永健,孫新平,尹家巧.群組吸孔氣吸式芹菜排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(3):87-95. LI Hua, MA Yunlong, YU Haiming, WANG Yongjian, SUN Xinping, YIN Jiaqiao. Design and Experiment of Group Air-suction Type Celery Seed Metering Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(3):87-95.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-03-10
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