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基于臨場感增強的果園機器人遙操作可視化系統(tǒng)研究
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江蘇省重點研發(fā)計劃項目(BE2017370)


Teleoperation Visualization System of Orchard Robot Based on Enhancing Telepresence
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    摘要:

    針對果園作業(yè)機器人使用單目相機進行遙操作時,僅用二維視頻獲取環(huán)境信息缺乏臨場感的問題,設(shè)計了一套基于臨場感增強的果園環(huán)境信息可視化系統(tǒng),用于果園機器人遙操作。系統(tǒng)由計算服務(wù)器、云服務(wù)器、網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像頭、激光雷達、嵌入式開發(fā)平臺等組成。計算服務(wù)器采用T7920工作站,并在其上部署Tensorflow計算框架和Open3D點云算法庫,計算服務(wù)器在接收到云服務(wù)器轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)來的環(huán)境圖像和點云數(shù)據(jù)后,分別對圖像進行導(dǎo)航信息增強,對點云進行曲面重建;嵌入式開發(fā)平臺可以收集來自于網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像頭和激光雷達的原始數(shù)據(jù),并上傳至云服務(wù)器;在云服務(wù)器部署了以ZeroMQ為基礎(chǔ)的消息中轉(zhuǎn)程序和HTML5后臺服務(wù),提供跨互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的消息通信服務(wù)和可移動的遙操作環(huán)境信息可視化服務(wù)。測試結(jié)果表明,部署在計算服務(wù)器的導(dǎo)航信息提取模型平均提取導(dǎo)航線時間86ms,提取導(dǎo)航線平均精度16°,均優(yōu)于對比模型結(jié)果。點云重建算法可以有效建立場景輪廓,平均精度4.9cm,平均重建時間24ms。壓縮圖像傳輸及增強處理時延不超過230ms,點云的傳輸時延不超過400ms。各項參數(shù)可以滿足遙操作機器人進行果園作業(yè)的基本要求,相比僅有單目相機的遙操作,臨場感明顯增強,可為果園機器人遙操作提供參考。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem of lack of presence when the orchard robot used a monocular camera for remote operation, only using two-dimensional video to obtain environmental information lacked presence, a set of orchard environment information visualization system based on the enhanced sense of presence was designed. The system consisted of computing server, cloud server, network camera, LiDAR, embedded development platform, etc. The computing server adopted the T7920 workstation, and deployed the Tensorflow computing framework and the Open3D algorithm library of point cloud on it. After receiving the environmental image and point cloud data forwarded by the cloud server, the computing server enhanced the navigation information of the image, and surface reconstructed the point cloud. The embedded development platform could collect raw data from webcam and LiDAR, and uploaded them to cloud servers. A ZeroMQ-based message transfer program and HTML5 background service were deployed on the cloud server, providing cross-Internet message communication services and mobile teleoperation environment information visualization services. The test results showed that the average extraction time of the extraction model for navigation information deployed on the computing server was 86ms, and the average precision of the navigation line extraction was 16°, which were better than the results of the comparison model. The algorithm of point cloud reconstruction can effectively establish scene contours with an average accuracy of 4.9cm and an average reconstruction time of 24ms. The delay of compressed image transmission and enhancement processing did not exceed 230ms, and the transmission delay of point cloud did not exceed 400ms. The parameters could meet the basic requirements of the remote operation robot for orchard operation. The system significantly enhanced telepresence compared with that only with monocular cameras, which provided an effective reference for the remote operation of the orchard robot.

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王運東,周俊,孫經(jīng)緯,王凱,江自真,張震.基于臨場感增強的果園機器人遙操作可視化系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2023,54(3):22-31,78. WANG Yundong, ZHOU Jun, SUN Jingwei, WANG Kai, JIANG Zizhen, ZHANG Zhen. Teleoperation Visualization System of Orchard Robot Based on Enhancing Telepresence[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(3):22-31,78.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-17
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-03-10
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