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鮮食葡萄袋中袋包裝裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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山東省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(ZR2020KF002)、山東省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃(重大科技創(chuàng)新工程)項(xiàng)目(2021LZGC013,、2021TZXD001)和國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31871543)


Design and Experiment of Bag-in-bag Packaging Device for Fresh Grapes
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    摘要:

    為解決鮮食葡萄采摘,、收集和運(yùn)輸過程中的損傷問題,設(shè)計(jì)了鮮食葡萄袋中袋包裝裝置,,采摘作業(yè)時(shí)與機(jī)械臂協(xié)同工作,,通過袋中袋包裝避免損傷,包裝完成后葡萄可直接落入收集筐,,提高鮮食葡萄機(jī)械采收效率,。首先,基于葡萄表面硬度,、質(zhì)量損失率,、表面破裂指數(shù)和穿刺破裂力等損傷指標(biāo),確定袋中袋包裝裝置最佳充氣氣壓為4kPa,,通過撐袋過程袋中袋受力分析與袋口形狀分析,,確定吸盤直徑、撐袋距離和同側(cè)吸盤距離為30,、125,、95mm;然后,,建立葡萄果實(shí)圖像大小與充氣時(shí)間關(guān)系模型,,自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)充氣時(shí)間,保證不同大小的葡萄在充氣包裝完畢后都能達(dá)到最優(yōu)的保護(hù)效果,。最后,,以巨峰葡萄為試驗(yàn)對(duì)象,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明無損收集成功率為95%,,平均包裝時(shí)長為28.4s,,最大氣壓偏差為0.2kPa,,平均氣壓偏差率為1.1%,平均損傷破裂率為1.5%,,平均脫粒率為0.2%,,包裝效率為126串/h。袋中袋包裝裝置作業(yè)性能穩(wěn)定,,鮮食葡萄無損包裝成功率高,,避免了損傷,確保了新鮮度,,提高了采摘收集效率,。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem of damage in the process of picking, collecting and transporting fresh grapes, a bag-in-bag packaging device was designed to work with the robotic arm during the picking operation to avoid damage through bag-in-bag packaging, and the grapes can fall directly into the collection basket after the packaging was completed to improve the efficiency of mechanical harvesting of fresh grapes. Firstly, based on the damage indexes such as grape surface hardness, quality loss rate, surface rupture index and puncture rupture force, the optimal inflation air pressure of the bag-in-bag packaging device was determined to be 4kPa, and the suction cup diameter, bag-in-bag distance and ipsilateral suction cup distance were determined to be 30mm, 125mm and 95mm through the bag-in-bag force analysis and bag opening shape analysis during the bag propping process;then the relationship between grape fruit image size and inflation time was established. The relationship between grape fruit image size and inflation time was modeled, and the inflation time was automatically adjusted to ensure that grapes of different sizes could achieve the optimal protection effect after inflation and packing. Finally, the test results showed that the success rate of nondestructive collection was 95%, the average packing time was 28.4s, the maximum atmospheric pressure deviation was 0.2kPa, the average air pressure deviation rate was 1.1%, the average damage rupture rate was 1.5%, the average threshing rate was 0.2%, and packaging efficiency was 126 strings/h. The bag-in-bag packaging device had stable operational performance, high success rate of non-destructive packaging of fresh grapes, which can avoid damage, ensure freshness, and improve picking and collecting efficiency.

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劉平,高德政,王春穎,李雙雙.鮮食葡萄袋中袋包裝裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(1):376-384. LIU Ping, GAO Dezheng, WANG Chunying, LI Shuangshuang. Design and Experiment of Bag-in-bag Packaging Device for Fresh Grapes[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(1):376-384.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-01-26
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-01-10
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