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移動(dòng)式玉米秸稈熱解炭化原位還田設(shè)備研究
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中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目和財(cái)政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國(guó)家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-02)


Mobile Equipment Study of Corn Stalk In-situ Returning Carbonization
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)目前秸稈炭化還田主要以異位為主,,移動(dòng)式熱解設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,難以實(shí)現(xiàn)秸稈田間炭化還田等問(wèn)題,,基于秸稈內(nèi)熱式低氧炭化原理,,建立自供熱反應(yīng)系統(tǒng),研制熱解炭化反應(yīng)器和熱解氣清潔燃燒室等關(guān)鍵部件,,集成秸稈撿拾收集,、粉碎輸送、煙氣回用烘焙,、生物炭原位還田技術(shù),,研發(fā)移動(dòng)式熱解炭化原位還田設(shè)備。樣機(jī)試制后,,進(jìn)行了靜態(tài)調(diào)試試驗(yàn),,結(jié)果表明:該設(shè)備原料處理量為50kg/h,炭得率為21%,,系統(tǒng)能量利用率74.6%,;排放煙氣中NOx質(zhì)量濃度為184mg/m3,SO2質(zhì)量濃度為26mg/m3,,顆粒物質(zhì)量濃度為17.8mg/m3,,達(dá)到煙氣排放要求;生物炭中總碳,、固定碳及金屬元素含量符合DB21/T 3314—2020《生物炭直接還田技術(shù)規(guī)程》中的Ⅰ級(jí)生物炭要求,。該設(shè)備能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)低碳排放、炭化能源自給,、田間作業(yè)等功能,,為秸稈還田提供支撐平臺(tái)。

    Abstract:

    Unreasonable utilization of stalk resources leads to environmental pollution and resource waste in rural areas. Stalk returning is one of the promising technologies to improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, soil fertility, and soil organic matter. Corn stalk could be transformed into biochar and return to the field in-situ by pyrolysis and carbonization returning technology. There are some researches on mobile pyrolysis equipment, however, the complex structure of the equipment makes it hard to realize carbonization and returning to field in-situ. Therefore, a mobile pyrolysis and carbonization returning to the field in-situ integrated equipment was developed. A self-heating reaction system was established based on the principle of stalk internal thermal low oxygen carbonization. Meanwhile, the key parts were designed such as pyrolysis and carbonization reactor, and pyrolysis gas clean combustion chamber. The equipment integrated multiple technologies and devices. Such as stalk collection and crushing and transportation mechanism, flue gas recycling, torrifacation, and biochar in situ returning technology. The power system was equipped as well. The results showed that the material handling capacity of the equipment was 50kg/h, the yield of biochar was 21%, and the conversion efficiency was 74.6%. Furthermore, the mass concentration of NOx and SO2 in flue gas were 184mg/m3 and 26mg/m3, respectively. In parallel, the mass concentration of particulate matter was 17.8mg/m3. The emission met the flue gas emission requirements. The physical and chemical properties (total carbon, fixed carbon) of biochar, metal elements content, and the amount of biochar returned to the field met the requirements of standard of grade I biochar in DB21/T 3314—2020. The equipment could realize lower carbon emission, self-heating, and field mobile operation, which was beneficial to the utilization of corn stalk. Moreover, it was of great significance for the promotion of stalk returning technology in-situ.

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趙立欣,田利偉,賈吉秀,霍麗麗,謝騰,姚宗路.移動(dòng)式玉米秸稈熱解炭化原位還田設(shè)備研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(1):357-363. ZHAO Lixin, TIAN Liwei, JIA Jixiu, HUO Lili, XIE Teng, YAO Zonglu. Mobile Equipment Study of Corn Stalk In-situ Returning Carbonization[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(1):357-363.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-01-10
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