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河套灌區(qū)土壤質(zhì)地克里金插值與平滑效應(yīng)校正
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51839006)和清華大學(xué)水沙科學(xué)與水利水電工程國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究項(xiàng)目(2020-KY-01)


Ordinary Kriging Interpolation and Smoothing Effect Correction for Soil Texture Mapping in Hetao Irrigation District
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    摘要:

    土壤質(zhì)地的空間分布對(duì)指導(dǎo)土壤改良、灌溉排水管理及水土資源合理利用等具有重要意義,而克里金插值方法盡管應(yīng)用廣泛,但往往會(huì)產(chǎn)生平滑效應(yīng),即高值低估和低值高估。本研究針對(duì)河套灌區(qū)土壤顆粒組成,使用不同的對(duì)數(shù)比轉(zhuǎn)換方法處理其成分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)特性,通過普通克里金法對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)換后的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行空間插值,同時(shí)基于鄰近點(diǎn)特征構(gòu)建插值點(diǎn)殘差估算的誤差反向傳播(BP)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(BPNN)模型,并對(duì)插值結(jié)果的平滑性進(jìn)行分析評(píng)估和校正探究。河套灌區(qū)的應(yīng)用結(jié)果表明,不同對(duì)數(shù)比轉(zhuǎn)換方法對(duì)克里金插值的平滑效應(yīng)作用程度不同,其中等距對(duì)數(shù)比轉(zhuǎn)換(ILR)的改善效果最顯著,與直接使用普通克里金插值相比,黏粒、粉粒和砂粒的極差平滑率分別減小5.8%、33.8%和45.6%,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差平滑率分別減小38.6%、53.9%和60.2%。進(jìn)一步使用BPNN模型校正后的土壤顆粒組分插值平滑性顯著降低,其中極差平滑率降為0,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差平滑率僅為0.03~0.07;同時(shí)插值誤差有一定減小,其中黏粒、粉粒和砂粒的均方根誤差分別減小19.8%、21.0%和14.6%。本研究提出的基于對(duì)數(shù)比轉(zhuǎn)換(ILR)和誤差反向傳播(BP)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型聯(lián)合處理方法(ILR-BP)不僅可以很好地削弱克里金插值的平滑效應(yīng),同時(shí)能夠有效提高插值精度。根據(jù)校正結(jié)果,河套灌區(qū)土壤質(zhì)地類型主要包括砂土、壤質(zhì)砂土、砂質(zhì)壤土、壤土和粉壤土,灌區(qū)中部和西部主要是偏砂性土壤,壤土主要集中分布在中西部、東北部和東南部,粉壤土主要分布在北部和南部接近黃河的地區(qū)。基于ILR-BP校正模型的克里金插值結(jié)果,更能反映真實(shí)的土壤質(zhì)地空間特征,為河套灌區(qū)的水土資源合理利用提供了基礎(chǔ)參考資料。

    Abstract:

    Spatial distribution of soil texture is important for soil improvement, irrigation and drainage management, and rational utilization of water and land resources, which is usually obtained by spatial interpolation methods like ordinary Kriging (OK). However, OK generally has the smoothing effect that high values are underestimated and low values are overestimated. For soil particle-size fractions and texture interpolation, four logratio transformation methods, including additive (ALR), centered (CLR), isometric (ILR), and symmetry (SLR) logratio transformations, were firstly used to deal with soil particle-size fractions as compositional data. OK was then used to interpolate the transformed data. Finally, a model based on the back propagation neural network (BPNN) was developed to estimate the residuals between the observations and OK estimations to correct the smoothing effect. Results for the Hetao Irrigation District showed that the four logratio transformations had a discrepancy in correcting the smoothing effect. Generally, ILR had the best performance in reducing the smoothing effect. Compared with OK estimations without logratio transformations, the range smoothing rates (CR) of ILR were decreased by 5.8%, 33.8% and 45.6%, and the standard deviation smoothing rates (CS) were decreased by 38.6%, 53.9% and 60.2% for clay, silt, and sand particle-size fractions, respectively. Furthermore, the smoothing effect was obviously weakened and the interpolation errors were decreased after correction by BPNN model, where CR and CS values were reduced to 0 and 0.03~0.07, and the root mean squared errors were reduced by 19.8%, 21.0% and 14.6%, respectively. Therefore, the present correction method can not only weaken the smoothing effect caused by OK but also improve the interpolation accuracy. The spatial interpolation results obtained after the correction showed there were mainly five soil texture types in the Hetao Irrigation District, including sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, loam, and silt loam. The sandy soil mainly distributed in the western part, loam mainly in the central west, northeast, and southwest parts, and silt loam in the north part and south part close to the Yellow River. In conclusion, the OK interpolation results can better reflect the spatial distribution pattern of soil texture after the correction of smoothing effect by using the logratio transformation and BPNN model, which also provided a reference for reasonable utilization of water and land resources in Hetao Irrigation District.

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萬核洋,齊泓瑋,尚松浩.河套灌區(qū)土壤質(zhì)地克里金插值與平滑效應(yīng)校正[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(1):339-350. WAN Heyang, QI Hongwei, SHANG Songhao. Ordinary Kriging Interpolation and Smoothing Effect Correction for Soil Texture Mapping in Hetao Irrigation District[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(1):339-350.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-03-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-01-10
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