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雙孢菇柔性仿形采摘末端執(zhí)行器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2019YFE0125100)和國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(51975186)


Design and Experiment of Flexible Profiling Picking End-effector for Agaricus bisporus
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    摘要:

    為解決現(xiàn)有夾持式采摘機(jī)械手對(duì)雙孢菇造成的機(jī)械損傷高,、采摘損失大等問(wèn)題,,基于顆粒阻塞原理設(shè)計(jì)了一種雙孢菇柔性仿形采摘末端執(zhí)行器,。首先根據(jù)雙孢菇菇蓋外形參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)柔性仿形吸盤(pán)的結(jié)構(gòu),通過(guò)預(yù)試驗(yàn)分析末端執(zhí)行器的關(guān)鍵參數(shù),;選定了吸盤(pán)材料和顆粒填充物的種類(lèi),,通過(guò)有限元仿真驗(yàn)證柔性仿形吸盤(pán)的仿形能力和吸附效果,并得到柔性仿形吸盤(pán)最優(yōu)的開(kāi)口直徑,。為明確吸附負(fù)壓,、雙孢菇直徑、柔性膜厚度,、顆粒直徑等因素對(duì)吸附力的影響,,對(duì)所試制的末端執(zhí)行器進(jìn)行了拉脫力試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明拉脫力與吸附負(fù)壓,、雙孢菇直徑,、顆粒直徑均呈線性關(guān)系,,與柔性膜厚度呈非線性關(guān)系。當(dāng)末端執(zhí)行器中柔性膜厚度為9mm,、顆粒直徑為20目的石英時(shí)仿形效果最好,,并與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)真空吸盤(pán)開(kāi)展了對(duì)比試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明同等吸附力柔性仿形吸盤(pán)所需負(fù)壓更低,。針對(duì)尺寸范圍為25~50mm的雙孢菇進(jìn)行了采摘試驗(yàn),,柔性仿形吸盤(pán)的采摘成功率為98.5%,并對(duì)采后雙孢菇進(jìn)行了損傷檢測(cè),,柔性仿形吸盤(pán)的采摘損傷率為2.5%,。結(jié)果表明,所設(shè)計(jì)的柔性仿形采摘末端執(zhí)行器具備適應(yīng)性強(qiáng),、抓取穩(wěn)定,、損傷率低等優(yōu)點(diǎn),能夠滿足雙孢菇自動(dòng)化采摘需求,。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problems of high mechanical damage and large picking loss of the existing picking equipment in the automatic picking process of Agaricus bisporus, a flexible profiling picking end-effector was designed based on the principle of particle blocking. The mechanical structure of the end-effector was composed of a flexible profiling sucker and a transmission part. The flexible profiling sucker used the fluidlike characteristics of the particles in the flexible membrane to profile the Agaricus bisporus with different sizes and ovalities, thereby increasing the effective contact area between the sucker and the Agaricus bisporus, improving the stability of the suction and reducing the fruit damage rate. The structural design of the end-effector was carried out according to the growth characteristics of Agaricus bisporus. The key parameters of the end-effector were determined by pre-experiment and simulation analysis. The materials of each component were selected and the prototype was trialproduced. The finite element simulation was carried out for the flexible profiling sucker. The optimal opening size of the sucker was determined by finite element simulation, and the stress of the sucker was obtained. The control system and pneumatic circuit were designed for the picking logic of Agaricus bisporus. In order to clarify the influence of suction negative pressure, Agaricus bisporus diameter, flexible film thickness, particle diameter and other factors on the suction force, the pulling force test was carried out on the end-effector. The results showed that the pulling force had a linear relationship with the suction negative pressure, the diameter of Agaricus bisporus and the particle diameter, and it had a nonlinear relationship with the thickness of the flexible film. When the flexible film thickness of the end-effector was 9mm and the particle diameter was 20 mesh quartz, the suction cup holding effect was the best, and a comparative test was carried out with the ordinary silicone suction cup. The test results showed that the same suction force flexible profiling suction cup required lower negative pressure. The picking test of Agaricus bisporus with a size range of 25~50mm was carried out. The picking success rate of the flexible profiling sucker was 98.5%, and the damage detection of the postharvest Agaricus bisporus was carried out. The picking damage rate of the flexible profiling sucker was 2.5%. It had the advantages of strong adaptability, stable grasping and low damage rate, which can meet the needs of automatic picking.

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姬江濤,李夢(mèng)松,趙凱旋,馬淏.雙孢菇柔性仿形采摘末端執(zhí)行器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(1):104-115. JI Jiangtao, LI Mengsong, ZHAO Kaixuan, MA Hao. Design and Experiment of Flexible Profiling Picking End-effector for Agaricus bisporus[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(1):104-115.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-10-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-01-10
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