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Ruminants contribute to global warming by releasing methane gas into the atmosphere. Methane, the second largest greenhouse gas in the world, has a greenhouse effect of 25 times of that of CO2. The accounting methods and monitoring technologies of ruminant methane emissions at home and from the overseas are developing in the direction of comprehensiveness, intelligence and precise management and control. In order to monitor the methane emissions of ruminants and provide a reference for the accounting of methane emission reduction in the livestock and poultry breeding industry, it has become a hot research topic for relevant scholars to find suitable accounting and monitoring methods for methane emissions from ruminants. The sources of ruminant greenhouse gas methane emissions, accounting methods, and the application status of monitoring technologies were mainly reviewed. Referring to relevant domestic and foreign literatures on methane emissions from livestock and poultry breeding, the advantages and disadvantages of the methods of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) coefficient method, provincial greenhouse gas inventory compilation guidelines and life cycle assessment (LCA) were compared. The research progress of ruminant methane emission monitoring technology application of seven methods, including respiratory mask and breathing head box monitoring method, infrared spectroscopy monitoring method, and respiratory metabolic chamber monitoring method, was compared and analyzed, in order to promote the domestic ruminant greenhouse gas methane monitoring technology. The research result can provide reference for development and emission reduction work.