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蔬菜自動(dòng)移栽機(jī)頂夾拔組合式取苗裝置試驗(yàn)研究
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江蘇省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(BE2021342)、江蘇省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)機(jī)裝備與技術(shù)示范推廣項(xiàng)目(NJ2021-08)和精準(zhǔn)高效移栽裝備產(chǎn)業(yè)化示范應(yīng)用項(xiàng)目(TC210H02X)


Experiment on Combined Seedling Picking Device with Top Clamping and Pulling
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)插拔式取苗機(jī)構(gòu)單靠取苗爪插入缽體夾取苗時(shí),,因受缽體與穴盤之間粘附力和盤根性不佳雙重影響,,造成取苗成功率低、缽體破碎率高的問題,,提出了一種頂夾拔組合式取苗技術(shù),,闡述了取苗裝置結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理,開展了頂夾拔組合式取苗試驗(yàn)研究,。首先以72孔和128孔黃瓜穴盤苗為試驗(yàn)對(duì)象,,通過頂壓脫盤粘附力試驗(yàn),測(cè)試了不同頂苗速度(10,、20,、30、40mm/s)下黃瓜苗的脫盤粘附力以及頂壓脫離位移,,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:頂苗速度對(duì)于苗缽粘附力及脫離位移影響不大,,粘附力與苗缽脫離位移呈正相關(guān),兩種規(guī)格穴盤苗頂苗脫離位移平均值分布在5.5~6.9mm之間,,綜合考慮苗盤落水孔直徑和頂壓脫盤粘附力試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,,確定頂桿直徑為6mm,頂桿頂苗位移需大于5mm,。其次以生長(zhǎng)周期為25d的72孔黃瓜穴盤苗為試驗(yàn)對(duì)象,,開展了先頂后取、邊頂邊取,、先插后頂3種取苗模式試驗(yàn),,結(jié)果表明:先頂后取模式下取苗成功率和缽體完整率最高。最后以頂桿頂入位移,、取苗爪插入苗缽取苗深度及插入取苗速度為試驗(yàn)因素,,開展了三因素三水平正交試驗(yàn),通過極差分析和方差分析得出頂夾拔取苗裝置的最優(yōu)工作參數(shù)組合為:頂入位移為15mm、插入苗缽深度為35mm,,插入取苗速度為225mm/s,,此組合下取苗成功率94.12%,苗缽?fù)暾?4.12%,,滿足了自動(dòng)取苗高質(zhì)量要求,。

    Abstract:

    For the plug-in seedling picking mechanism, when the seedling claws are inserted into the pot to pick up the seedlings, the success rate of seedling picking is low and the pot is broken due to the double influence of the adhesion between the pot and the plug and the poor packing. In order to solve the problem of high rate, a combined seedling picking technology with top clamping and pulling was proposed, the structure and working principle of the seedling picking device were expounded, and the experimental research on the combined top clamping and pulling seedling picking was carried out. Firstly, the 72-hole and 128-hole cucumber plug seedlings were used as the test objects, and the adhesion of the cucumber seedlings at different top seedling speeds (10mm/s, 20mm/s, 30mm/s and 40mm/s) was tested through the top pressure off-disk adhesion test. The test results showed that the top seedling speed had little effect on the adhesion force and the detachment displacement of the seedling pot, and the adhesion force was positively correlated with the detachment displacement of the seedling pot. The value was distributed between 5.5mm and 6.9mm. Considering the diameter of the seedling tray drain hole and the test results of the top pressure off tray adhesion test, it was determined that the diameter of the mandrel was 6mm, and the displacement of the top seedling of the mandrel must be greater than 5mm. Secondly, taking the 72-hole cucumber plug seedlings with a growth cycle of 25d as the test object, three modes of seedling collection were carried out, namely, the first top and then the top, the side top and the side, and the first plug and then the top. The seedling success rate and pot body integrity rate were the highest. Finally, taking the ejection displacement of the ejector rod, the depth of inserting the seedling claws into the seedling pot and the speed of inserting the seedlings as the test factors, a three-factor and three-level orthogonal test was carried out. The optimal working parameter combination was that the jacking displacement was 15mm, the depth of inserting the seedling pot was 35mm, and the speed of inserting the seedling was 225mm/s. The success rate of seedling removal under this combination was 94.12%, and the complete rate of the seedling pot was 94.12%, which satisfied the automatic seedling quality requirements.

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胡建平,劉育彤,劉偉,張思偉,韓綠化,曾添懿.蔬菜自動(dòng)移栽機(jī)頂夾拔組合式取苗裝置試驗(yàn)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(s1):110-117,184. HU Jianping, LIU Yutong, LIU Wei, ZHANG Siwei, HAN Lühua, ZENG Tianyi. Experiment on Combined Seedling Picking Device with Top Clamping and Pulling[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(s1):110-117,,184.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-11-10
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