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超級(jí)雜交稻壓電振動(dòng)式勻種裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52175261)


Design and Experiment of Piezoelectric Vibration Seed Homogenizer for Super Hybrid Rice
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)目前振動(dòng)式水稻育秧盤低播量精量排種器存在勻種均勻性差,、難以提供單列穩(wěn)定種子流的問題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種壓電振動(dòng)式勻種裝置。通過對(duì)壓電振子振動(dòng)原理,、振動(dòng)板動(dòng)力學(xué)和水稻種子轉(zhuǎn)向等分析,,確定了各部件的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)。進(jìn)行振動(dòng)板結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),,以儲(chǔ)種盒深度,、轉(zhuǎn)向槽角度以及振動(dòng)方向角為試驗(yàn)因素,結(jié)合Box-Behnken試驗(yàn)方案進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明轉(zhuǎn)向槽角度,、儲(chǔ)種盒深度、振動(dòng)方向角和轉(zhuǎn)向槽角度交互作用對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果影響顯著,,當(dāng)儲(chǔ)種盒深度為8mm,、轉(zhuǎn)向槽角度為49°、振動(dòng)方向角為29°時(shí),,種子均勻性變異系數(shù)為17.91%,。通過臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)測(cè)定振動(dòng)板加速度,確定輸入電壓與振幅之間的關(guān)系,。最優(yōu)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)下振動(dòng)板勻種試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,勻種均勻性變異系數(shù)、播種合格率和漏播率分別為18.20%,、94.65%和0.67%,。不同勻種速度下播種性能試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,當(dāng)工作電壓為130~180V時(shí),其播種合格率均不小于94.17%,,漏播率均不大于0.83%,。不同水稻品種適應(yīng)性試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在工作電壓130,、150,、170V下,其播種合格率均不小于94.17%,,漏播率均不大于1.0%,,滿足超級(jí)雜交水稻精量化育秧播種要求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of poor uniformity of low sowing quantity precision metering device of vibrating rice seedling tray at present, which is difficult to provide a single row of stable seed flow, a piezoelectric vibrating homogenizing device was designed. The structural parameters of each component were determined by analyzing the vibration principle of piezoelectric vibrator, the dynamics of vibrating plate and the steering of rice seeds. The structural parameters of the vibrating plate were optimized. Taking the depth of the seed storage box, the angle of the steering groove and the direction of vibration as the test factors, the optimization test was carried out in combination with the Box-Behnken test scheme. The results showed that the interaction of the angle of the steering groove, the depth of the seed storage box, the direction of vibration and the angle of the steering groove had a significant impact on the test results. When the depth of the seed storage box was 8mm, the angle of the steering groove was 49°, and the direction of vibration was 29°, and the coefficient of variation of seed evenness was 17.91%. The relationship between the input voltage and the amplitude was further determined by the acceleration measurement bench test. Under the optimal structural parameters, the variation coefficient of uniformity, the qualified rate of sowing and the missed rate of sowing were 18.20%, 94.65% and 0.67%, respectively. The seeding performance test at different uniform seeding speeds showed that when the working voltage was 130~180V, the qualified seeding rate was no less than 94.17% and the missed seeding rate was no more than 0.83%. The adaptability test results of different rice varieties showed that under the three working voltages of 130V, 150V and 170V, the qualified seeding rate was no less than 94.17%, and the missed seeding rate was less than or equal to 1.0%, which met the requirements of precision seedling raising and sowing of super hybrid rice.

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劉彩玲,李方林,袁昊,賈旋,周智智.超級(jí)雜交稻壓電振動(dòng)式勻種裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(s1):58-68. LIU Cailing, LI Fanglin, YUAN Hao, JIA Xuan, ZHOU Zhizhi. Design and Experiment of Piezoelectric Vibration Seed Homogenizer for Super Hybrid Rice[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(s1):58-68.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-11-10
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