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解凍損失約束下羅非魚凍結(jié)效率控制參數(shù)優(yōu)化研究
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北京市農(nóng)林科學(xué)院科技創(chuàng)新能力建設(shè)專項(xiàng)(KJCX20210408)和北京市農(nóng)林科學(xué)院科研創(chuàng)新平臺(tái)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目(PT2022-22)


Optimization of Control Parameters of Tilapia Freezing Efficiency under Thawing Loss Constraint
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    摘要:

    速凍方式不同對魚肉溫降速率,、均勻性以及解凍后品質(zhì)的影響不同,,最佳速凍方式選取已成為行業(yè)內(nèi)提升魚類速凍效率與維持魚肉品質(zhì)的主要方式之一。以羅非魚為例,,結(jié)合3D掃描逆向建模與計(jì)算流體力學(xué)數(shù)值模擬等技術(shù)直觀獲取冷風(fēng)式速凍,、氯化鈉和氯化鈣浸漬速凍方式下羅非魚溫度時(shí)空分布規(guī)律,,并通過與實(shí)驗(yàn)值比較驗(yàn)證模擬結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性與可靠性,綜合對比分析不同速凍方式對羅非魚凍結(jié)速率,、均勻性以及水分流失的影響規(guī)律,,確定最佳速凍方式并提出優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方案。研究結(jié)果表明,,溫度模擬值與實(shí)測值最大偏差為1.81℃,最大均方根誤差與平均絕對百分比誤差分別為1.017℃,、18.9%,,且凍結(jié)過程羅非魚溫度降至-15℃時(shí),3種速凍方式所需凍結(jié)時(shí)間模擬值與實(shí)測值最大相對偏差僅為6.89%,。其次,,氯化鈉和氯化鈣兩種浸漬速凍方式下羅非魚凍結(jié)速率基本相同,相比冷風(fēng)式速凍凍結(jié)時(shí)間約降低73%,,凍結(jié)均勻性提升10~40倍,。兩種浸漬速凍方式下羅非魚解凍后水分流失率僅為3.89%和3.92%,分別比冷風(fēng)式速凍方式降低10.37%和9.68%左右,。最后,,提出了一種氯化鈉液流化速凍方式優(yōu)化方案,通過綜合考慮凍結(jié)速率,、均勻性及能耗確定最佳流速為2.5m/s,,且相比魚體頭朝入口水平放置與豎直放置,魚體背朝入口水平擺放方式的凍結(jié)效率最優(yōu),。

    Abstract:

    Different quick-freezing methods have different effects on the temperature drop rate, uniformity and quality of fish meat after thawing, so that the selection of the best quick-freezing method has become one of the main ways to improve the quick-freezing efficiency of fish and maintain the quality of fish meat in the industry. Taking tilapia as an example, combined with 3D scanning inverse modeling and computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation and other technologies, the temporal and spatial distribution laws of tilapia temperature under cold-air quick-freezing, sodium chloride and calcium chloride quick-freezing were intuitively obtained. The accuracy and reliability of the simulation results were verified by the comparison of the simulation results. The effect of different quick-freezing methods on the freezing rate, uniformity and water loss of tilapia was comprehensively compared and analyzed, and the optimal quick-freezing method was determined and an optimal design scheme was proposed. The results showed that the maximum deviation between the simulated temperature and the measured temperature was 1.81℃, the maximum root mean square error and the average absolute percentage error were 1.017℃ and 18.9%, respectively. When the temperature of tilapia dropped to -15℃ during freezing process, the maximum relative deviation between the simulated freezing time and the measured value was only 6.89%. Secondly, the freezing rate of tilapia under the two immersion quick-freezing methods of sodium chloride and calcium chloride was basically the same. Compared with the cold-air quick-freezing method, the freezing time was reduced by about 73%, and the freezing uniformity was improved by about 10 to 40 times. Thirdly, the water loss rate of tilapia after thawing under the two immersion quickfreezing methods was only 3.89% and 3.92%, which were 10.37% and 9.68% lower than those of the cold-air quick-freezing method, respectively. Finally, an optimization scheme of sodium chloride hydrofluidization freezing method was proposed. By comprehensively considering the freezing rate, uniformity and energy consumption, the optimal flow rate was determined to be 2.5m/s. The freezing efficiency was optimal when the fish was placed vertically, and the fish was placed horizontally with its back to the entrance.

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楊信廷,李佳鋮,韓佳偉,朱文穎.解凍損失約束下羅非魚凍結(jié)效率控制參數(shù)優(yōu)化研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(12):427-436. YANG Xinting, LI Jiacheng, HAN Jiawei, ZHU Wenying. Optimization of Control Parameters of Tilapia Freezing Efficiency under Thawing Loss Constraint[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(12):427-436.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-08-19
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-10-27
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