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種子位置信息視覺檢測系統(tǒng)開溝延時回土裝置研究
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國家自然科學基金項目(52175260),、中央高校基本科研業(yè)務費專項資金項目(2021TC011)和中國農業(yè)大學2115人才工程項目


Soil Backfill Delayed Opening Device for Visual Detection System of Seed Position Information
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    摘要:

    針對機器視覺獲取種子空間分布信息時,,傳統(tǒng)開溝器作業(yè)過程中,,種子落入種床后,土壤快速回落覆蓋種子,,導致種床中種子原始圖像采集困難的問題,,設計了一種開溝延時回土裝置,通過導土裝置,、壓種裝置和回土裝置的配合作業(yè),,延長土壤回落時間,形成有利于原始圖像采集的避讓空間,,并在圖像采集完畢后將泛起土壤推回種床,保證土壤回填率,,達到延時回土的目的,。通過理論分析確定導土裝置、回土裝置等關鍵裝置結構參數,。以開溝速度,、開溝深度,、回土板轉角為試驗因素,開展土壤回填率離散元仿真試驗,,確定最優(yōu)作業(yè)參數為開溝速度1.6m/s,、開溝深度30mm、回土板轉角40°,。在最優(yōu)參數組合下,,進行土壤回填率田間試驗和種子圖像采集田間試驗。結果表明,,開溝延時回土裝置土壤回填率為96.5%,,開溝延時回土裝置較未安裝回土裝置的開溝器土壤回填率提升39.6個百分點;工業(yè)相機可以在導土裝置形成的避讓空間中采集到種床中種子的原始圖像,。試驗結果表明,,設計的結構可以有效避免回落土壤對圖像采集的影響,并保證土壤回填率,,實現了種床中種子圖像的采集,,為計算機視覺技術檢測播種作業(yè)質量奠定了基礎。

    Abstract:

    Accurately obtaining the spatial distribution data of seeds after sowing can provide plant position information for field management, thereby improving resource utilization. Machine vision technology was applied to the detection of sowing position. After the seeds fell into the seed bed through the opener seed guide tube, the industrial camera was used to collect the image of the seed position in the seed bed, and the target detection algorithm was used to identify the seed position. However, during the operation of the traditional opener, after the seeds fell into the seed bed, the soil fell back to the seed bed too fast, which made it difficult to collect the original images of the seeds in the seed bed before the soil cover. Aiming at this problem, a soil backfill delayed opening device was proposed and designed. The design extended the soil backfilling time through the cooperation of the soil vectoring device, the seed pressing device and the soil backfilling device, forming an avoiding space for the original image acquisition. After the image acquisition was completed, the soil would be pushed back to the seed bed to ensure the soil backfilling rate and achieve the purpose of delaying soil backfill. The structural parameters of key devices such as soil vectoring device and soil backfilling device were determined through theoretical analysis. A discrete-element simulation test of soil backfill rate was carried out. Taking working speed, operating depth and rotation angle of soil backfilling plate as test factors, the discrete element simulation quadratic rotation orthogonal combination test of soil backfilling rate was carried out. The optimal combination of operation parameters was determined as the working speed was 1.6m/s, the operating depth was 30mm and the rotation angle of soil backfilling plate was 40°. The field test of soil backfill rate and seed image collection were carried out. Under the optimal parameter combination, the soil backfill rate of the soil backfill delayed opening device was 96.5%, which was 39.6 percentage points higher than that of the opener without the soil backfilling device. In the avoidance space formed by the designed soil vectoring device, the original image of the seeds in the seedbed can be collected by using an industrial camera. The experiment results showed that the structure designed can effectively avoid the impact of falling soil on image collection, ensure the soil backfill rate, and achieve the collection of seed images in the seed bed, which laid a foundation for computer vision technology to detect the quality of seeding operations.

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高振,盧彩云,李洪文,何進,王慶杰,王志楠.種子位置信息視覺檢測系統(tǒng)開溝延時回土裝置研究[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(12):32-42. GAO Zhen, LU Caiyun, LI Hongwen, HE Jin, WANG Qingjie, WANG Zhinan. Soil Backfill Delayed Opening Device for Visual Detection System of Seed Position Information[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(12):32-42.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-09-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-10-18
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