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水培生菜低損柔性采收裝置設計與試驗
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國家自然科學基金項目(52105252)和河南省科技攻關計劃項目(212102110037)


Design and Experiment of Low Damage Flexible Harvesting Device for Hydroponic Lettuce
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    摘要:

    植物工廠水培生菜采收過程中易損傷菜葉,為提升采收質(zhì)量,,結(jié)合水培生菜農(nóng)藝特征,,設計了一款水培生菜低損柔性采收裝置。利用圖像處理檢測水培生菜輪廓外切矩形,,獲取生菜株高及菜葉展開尺寸,,進而通過柔性手指對菜葉的低損抓取、切割器對生菜莖的一次切除,,實現(xiàn)水培生菜低損柔性采收,。分析確定了柔性抓取機構、切莖機構,、控制系統(tǒng)等關鍵部件的作業(yè)流程及結(jié)構參數(shù),。利用響應曲面試驗方法,優(yōu)化了柔性手指抓取高度比,、抓取圓周比,、柔性手指彎曲角的參數(shù)組合。試驗結(jié)果表明,,各因素影響采收成功率的顯著性順序為柔性手指彎曲角,、抓取圓周比、抓取高度比,,各因素對菜葉損傷面積的影響均極顯著,。利用二次擬合方程求得最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合為抓取高度比0.55、抓取圓周比0.76,、柔性手指彎曲角39.7°,。對最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合進行試驗驗證,結(jié)果表明,,菜葉損傷面積為186mm2,,采收成功率為96%,,實現(xiàn)了水培生菜低損柔性采收。

    Abstract:

    The leaves of hydroponic lettuce were easy to damage during the process of harvesting in the plant factory, to improve the harvesting quality for hydroponic lettuce, a flexible harvester with low damage was designed and manufactured combined with the agricultural technology of hydroponic lettuce. To realize flexible harvesting with low damage for hydroponic lettuce, image processing was used to detect the outer rectangle of hydroponic lettuce contour, and the plant height and leaf expansion size of lettuce were obtained. The lettuce leaves were grabbed by flexible fingers, and then the lettuce stem was removed by the cutting device. The working process and structure parameters of flexible grabbing device, stem cutting device, and control system were analyzed. The parameters combination of grabbing height ratio, grabbing diametrical ratio, and bending angle for flexible fingers were optimized by using response surface methodology. The optimizing test results showed that the order of significance for harvesting success rate was bending angle, grabbing diametrical ratio, grabbing height ratio, and the single factors had highly significant influence on the leaves damage area. The optimized combination of factors was solved by quadratic fitting function, and the value of grabbing height ratio, grabbing diametrical ratio and bending angle were 0.55, 0.76, 39.7°, respectively. The verification test showed that the leaves damage area was 186mm2, and the harvesting success rate was 96% under the optimized combination, which meant the low damage harvesting for hydroponic lettuce was realized.

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馬義東,胡鵬展,金鑫,李心平,張超,張印.水培生菜低損柔性采收裝置設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(10):175-183. MA Yidong, HU Pengzhan, JIN Xin, LI Xinping, ZHANG Chao, ZHANG Yin. Design and Experiment of Low Damage Flexible Harvesting Device for Hydroponic Lettuce[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(10):175-183.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-05-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-07-28
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