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玉米植株抗倒性測量裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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財(cái)政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代玉米產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-02),、國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0300300)和北京聯(lián)合大學(xué)科研項(xiàng)目(ZK80202005)


Design and Test of Measuring Device for Anti-collapse Characteristic of Maize Plant
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    摘要:

    針對現(xiàn)有玉米植株抗倒性測量裝置的人工施力速度不穩(wěn)定且未能垂直于植株進(jìn)行測量,,致使測量結(jié)果誤差較大的問題,,設(shè)計(jì)一種以電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)的玉米植株抗倒性測量裝置。該裝置可快速測量玉米莖稈從直立到不同倒伏角度時(shí)所能承受的最大力矩,。通過對玉米倒伏時(shí)的受力進(jìn)行分析,,建立植株力學(xué)模型,提出評價(jià)玉米抗倒性的指標(biāo),。進(jìn)行裝置檢測角度精確性試驗(yàn),,結(jié)果表明:該裝置檢測角度與實(shí)際角度的偏差為1°,滿足檢測要求,。進(jìn)行裝置加載速度穩(wěn)定性試驗(yàn),,結(jié)果表明:所設(shè)計(jì)裝置的測量角度隨時(shí)間變化平穩(wěn),驗(yàn)證了裝置加載速度的穩(wěn)定性,。分別以最大抗推力矩和最大抗拉力為指標(biāo),,對不同玉米品種和種植密度進(jìn)行了推、拉倒伏田間試驗(yàn),。結(jié)果表明:在密度75000株/hm2時(shí),,最大抗推力矩和最大抗拉力與倒伏率的相關(guān)系數(shù)分別為-0.971、-0.873,。在密度105000株/hm2時(shí),,最大抗推力矩、最大抗拉力與倒伏率相關(guān)系數(shù)分別為-0.991,、-0.927,。結(jié)果表明,以最大抗推力矩作為評價(jià)抗倒伏能力指標(biāo)優(yōu)于最大抗拉力,。在田間試驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上,,以最大抗推力矩為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)進(jìn)一步開展裝置可靠性驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與現(xiàn)有研究結(jié)論一致,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem that the existing measuring device for anti-collapse characteristic of corn plants is unstable and not perpendicular to the plant, which results in large error of measuring results, a measuring device for anti-collapse characteristic of corn plants driven by motor was designed. The device can quickly measure the maximum moment that the corn stalk can withstand from erect to different angles of lodging. Based on the analysis of the stress on lodging of maize, the plant mechanical model was established and the index of anti-collapse characteristic was put forward. The test results showed that the deviation between the detection angle of the device and the actual angle was 1°, which met the detection requirements. The stability test of the loading speed of the device was carried out, and the results showed that the measuring angle of the designed device changed smoothly with time, which verified the stability of the loading speed of the device. Taking the maximum pushing moment and maximum pulling force as indexes, the field experiments on pushing and pulling lodging of different maize varieties and planting densities were carried out. The results showed that the correlation coefficients of maximum pushing moment and maximum tensile strength were -0.971 and -0.873, respectively at the density of 75000 plants/hm2. At the density of 105000 plants/hm2, the correlation coefficients of maximum pushing moment and maximum tensile strength were -0.991 and -0.927, respectively. The results showed that the maximum pushing moment was better than the maximum pulling force. Based on the field test, the reliability verification test of the device was further carried out with the maximum push-moment as the test index, and the test results were consistent with the existing research conclusions.

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崔濤,董佳琪,楊瑞梅,張東興,楊麗,李克鴻.玉米植株抗倒性測量裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(10):126-136. CUI Tao, DONG Jiaqi, YANG Ruimei, ZHANG Dongxing, YANG Li, LI Kehong. Design and Test of Measuring Device for Anti-collapse Characteristic of Maize Plant[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(10):126-136.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-09-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-02-08
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