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粉末狀有機(jī)肥條施排肥器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2020YFD1000903)


Design and Experiment of Powder Organic Fertilizer Drilling Fertilizer Distributor
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    摘要:

    針對粉末狀有機(jī)肥濕度大、流動(dòng)性差,、條施困難等問題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種粉末狀有機(jī)肥排肥器。該裝置主要由肥箱,、排肥撥輪,、防自流擋板和排肥軸組成。為了提高排肥器的適用性,,以不同含水率((28±1)%,、(32±1)%、(36±1)%)的粉末狀有機(jī)肥為研究對象進(jìn)行排肥器設(shè)計(jì),。對撥輪推動(dòng)過程中的有機(jī)肥進(jìn)行力學(xué)分析,,將排肥撥輪設(shè)計(jì)成擺線型,。為了防止有機(jī)肥直接通過肥箱底板的排肥口產(chǎn)生自流現(xiàn)象,以及破碎結(jié)塊的有機(jī)肥,,設(shè)計(jì)了防自流擋板,。以排肥指數(shù)和排肥口寬度為試驗(yàn)因素,排肥穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)為性能指標(biāo),,進(jìn)行二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合試驗(yàn),,建立排肥器離散元仿真模型,得到排肥指數(shù)為6個(gè),、排肥口寬度36.36mm時(shí)排肥穩(wěn)定性最好,;以斷條率、各行排肥量一致性變異系數(shù),、排肥穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)與排肥均勻性變異系數(shù)為評價(jià)指標(biāo)對設(shè)計(jì)的排肥器進(jìn)行性能測試試驗(yàn),,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:排肥器對不同含水率有機(jī)肥以5~8km/h的速度施用時(shí)各性能指標(biāo)均在規(guī)定范圍內(nèi),工作性能穩(wěn)定,,滿足技術(shù)要求,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of high humidity, poor fluidity, and difficulty in applying powder organic fertilizer, a powder organic fertilizer discharging device was designed. The device was mainly composed of a fertilizer box, a fertilizer discharging wheel, an anti-free-flow baffle and a fertilizer discharging shaft. In order to improve the applicability of the fertilizer distributor, the powder organic fertilizer with different moisture content ((28±1)%, (32±1)%, (36±1)%) was used as the research object to design the fertilizer distributor. The mechanical analysis of the organic fertilizer during the driving process of the fertilizer discharging wheel was carried out, and the wheel was designed into a cycloidal shape. In order to prevent the organic fertilizer from passing through the fertilizer outlet directly on the bottom of the fertilizer tank to produce self-flow phenomenon, and break the agglomerated organic fertilizer, an anti-free-flow baffle was designed. Taking the number of fertilizer discharging finger and the width of the fertilizer outlet as the experimental factors, and coefficient of variation of fertilization stability as the performance index, the quadratic orthogonal rotation combination experiment was carried out to establish the discrete element simulation model of the fertilizer distribution. The fertilization stability was the best when the number of fertilizer discharging finger was 6 and the width of the fertilizer outlet was 36.36mm. The performance test of the designed fertilizer distribution was carried out with the cutting down rate, coefficient of variation of fertilization consistency of each row, coefficient of variation of fertilization stability and coefficient of variation of fertilization uniformity as the evaluation index. It was showed that when the designed fertilizer distribution applied the organic fertilizer with different moisture contents at a speed of 5~8km/h, each performance index was within the specified range, and the working performance was stable, which can meet the technical requirements.

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趙淑紅,張鑫,袁溢文,侯磊濤,楊悅乾.粉末狀有機(jī)肥條施排肥器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(10):98-107. ZHAO Shuhong, ZHANG Xin, YUAN Yiwen, HOU Leitao, YANG Yueqian. Design and Experiment of Powder Organic Fertilizer Drilling Fertilizer Distributor[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(10):98-107.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-10-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-11-29
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