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油莎豆窩眼排種輪低位集穴排種器設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2019YFD1002600),、財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系專項(CARS-03)和河南省科技攻關(guān)項目(222102110032)


Design and Test of Cyperus esculentus Cell-wheel Seed-metering Device with Low-position Seeding and Cavitation Function
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    摘要:

    結(jié)合油莎豆物料特性和黃淮海區(qū)域油莎豆種植農(nóng)藝要求,針對油莎豆種子表面凹凸不平,、形狀不規(guī)則導(dǎo)致的流動性差,、充種性能不佳和每穴3粒種子投種時軸向分散等問題,設(shè)計了一種油莎豆V形凹槽窩眼排種輪低位集穴排種器,。通過對窩眼排種輪直徑,、型孔以及其表面增設(shè)的V形凹槽進行設(shè)計,提高了精量分離充種性能,;在窩眼排種輪下方加設(shè)低位投種集穴裝置,,既可降低投種高度,又可將分散下落的種子向中間聚集,,提高了成穴效果,。利用EDEM軟件對排種器進行了運動特性仿真,分析了不同結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對充種效果的影響,,確定了窩眼排種輪的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),;以窩眼排種輪轉(zhuǎn)速、種層高度和型孔寬度為試驗因素,,以合格指數(shù),、漏播指數(shù)和重播指數(shù)為試驗指標,進行了二次回歸正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合仿真試驗,。仿真試驗結(jié)果表明:影響合格指數(shù)的主次順序為窩眼排種輪轉(zhuǎn)速,、型孔寬度、種層高度,;當窩眼排種輪轉(zhuǎn)速為22.10r/min,、型孔寬度為14.23mm、種層高度為52.59mm時,,合格指數(shù)為92.11%,、漏播指數(shù)為2.24%、重播指數(shù)為5.65%,。最后進行了臺架試驗,,對仿真結(jié)果進行了驗證,,得出油莎豆低位集穴排種器的充種和集穴性能較好,,滿足油莎豆精密播種要求。

    Abstract:

    Combining the characteristics of Cyperus esculentus-seeds and the requirements of planting in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, in order to solve the problems of poor fluidity, poor filling-seed performance and three seeds per hole scattered and falling due to the uneven surface and irregular shape of the Cyperus esculentus-seeds, a Cyperus esculentus cell-wheel seed-metering device with low-position seeding and cavitation function and V-shaped groove was designed. Through the design of the diameter and the type hole of the metering wheel and the additional V-shaped groove on its surface, the precision separation, and filling-seed performance was improved; a low-position seeding and cavitation device was added under the metering wheel, which can be used to lower the height of seeding and it can also gather the scattered and falling seeds in the middle, which improved the effect of cavitation. The movement characteristics of the seed metering device were simulated through the EDEM, the influence of different structural parameters on the filling-seed performance was analyzed, and the structural parameters of the metering wheel were determined. The speed of the metering wheel, the height of the seed layer and the width of the type hole were taken as the test factors, and the three factors of the seeding qualified index, missing index, and multiple index were used as test indicators, and the quadratic rotation orthogonal combination test was carried out. The simulation test results showed that the primary and secondary order that affected the qualified index of the number of seeds was the speed of the metering wheel, the width of the type hole, and the height of the seed layer; when the speed of the metering wheel was 22.10r/min, the width of the type hole was 14.23mm and the height of the seed layer was 52.59mm, the qualified index was 92.11%, the missing index was 2.24%, and the multiple index was 5.65%. Finally, a bench test was carried out to verify the simulation results, and it was concluded that the Cyperus esculentus metering device with low-position seeding and cavitation function had better filling seed and cavitation performance, which met the requirements of precise seeding of Cyperus esculentus.

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丁力,郭海欽,王萬章,呂志軍,呂嚴柳,張潤鍇.油莎豆窩眼排種輪低位集穴排種器設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(10):86-97. DING Li, GUO Haiqin, WANG Wanzhang, Lü Zhijun, Lü Yanliu, ZHANG Runkai. Design and Test of Cyperus esculentus Cell-wheel Seed-metering Device with Low-position Seeding and Cavitation Function[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(10):86-97.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-10-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-11-15
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