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旋耕還田秸稈空間分布質(zhì)量離散元分析
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國家自然科學(xué)基金青年基金項目(31901455),、江蘇省自然科學(xué)基金青年基金項目(BK20180534)和國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0300908)


DEM Analysis of Spatial Distribution Quality of Rotary Tillage Straw Returning
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    摘要:

    秸稈在土壤中的空間分布質(zhì)量會對秸稈腐解速率,、土壤養(yǎng)分分布等產(chǎn)生顯著影響。為了探究不同旋耕作業(yè)參數(shù)對秸稈空間分布質(zhì)量的影響,本文基于離散元法構(gòu)建旋耕仿真模型,,模擬秸稈旋耕還田作業(yè)過程,并結(jié)合田間試驗對不同前進(jìn)速度和刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速下的秸稈空間分布質(zhì)量進(jìn)行對比驗證,。對仿真及田間試驗區(qū)域進(jìn)行垂直分層和水平劃分的空間分割處理,,計算各區(qū)域內(nèi)秸稈數(shù)量并以秸稈占比變異系數(shù)為指標(biāo)評價不同旋耕作業(yè)參數(shù)下的秸稈空間分布質(zhì)量。結(jié)果表明,,在垂直分層處理中,,刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速的增加會使得各層秸稈占比變異系數(shù)呈遞增的趨勢,其中240r/min時最小,,仿真值與試驗值分別為60.09%和80.65%,,而隨著前進(jìn)速度的增加,變異系數(shù)呈先減少后增加的規(guī)律,,其中0.50m/s時變異系數(shù)最小,,仿真值與試驗值分別為61.00%和79.90%;在水平劃分處理中,,刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速的增加對各層秸稈占比變異系數(shù)無明顯規(guī)律性影響,,但前進(jìn)速度的增加可以減小縱向劃分區(qū)域內(nèi)的變異系數(shù),最小值為0.75m/s時的11.36%和20.12%,,仿真值與試驗值變化趨勢基本一致,。垂直分布和水平分布秸稈占比變異系數(shù)仿真值與試驗值間差值平均最大分別為22.13%和12.23%,誤差在可接受范圍內(nèi),。離散元仿真能夠模擬不同旋耕作業(yè)參數(shù)下的秸稈空間分布狀態(tài),,可以為旋耕秸稈還田作業(yè)質(zhì)量的快速預(yù)測評價研究提供支持,也可為旋耕機械的作業(yè)參數(shù)選擇提供理論依據(jù),。

    Abstract:

    The spatial distribution quality of straw in the soil has a significant effect on the decomposition rate of straw and the distribution of soil nutrients. To explore different rotary tillage operation parameters on the quality of the straw spatial distribution, simulation model of rotary tillage straw returning rotary tillage operation simulation process was built based on the discrete element method, and combined with field experiment with different speeds and qualities of straw spatial distribution of the knife roller speed comparison to test and verify. The simulation and field experiment areas were divided vertically and horizontally, the number of straw in each area was calculated, and the spatial distribution quality of straw under different rotary tillage operation parameters was evaluated using the coefficient of variation of straw ratio as the index. The results showed that in vertical stratification, the variation coefficient of straw ratio in each layer was increased with the increase of cutter roll rotation speed, and the minimum value was at 240r/min, and the simulation value and test value were 60.09% and 80.65%, respectively. However,,with the increase of advancing speed, the coefficient of variation was decreased at first and then increased, and the coefficient of variation was the smallest at 0.50m/s, and the simulation value and experimental value were 61.00% and 79.90%, respectively. In the horizontal division treatment, the increase of cutter roll speed had no obvious regular effect on the variation coefficient of straw proportion in each layer, but the increase of advance speed could reduce the variation coefficient in the longitudinal division area, and the minimum value was 11.36% and 20.12% at 0.75m/s. The variation trend of simulation value and field value was basically consistent. The maximum mean difference between simulation and test values of vertical distribution and horizontal distribution was 22.13% and 12.23%, respectively, and the error was within the acceptable range. The discrete element simulation can simulate the spatial distribution of straw under different rotary tillage operation parameters, which can provide support for the rapid prediction and evaluation of straw returning operation quality. It can also provide a theoretical basis for the selection of operation parameters of rotary tiller.

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何瑞銀,段慶飛,陳信信,徐高明,丁啟朔.旋耕還田秸稈空間分布質(zhì)量離散元分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2022,53(6):44-53. HE Ruiyin, DUAN Qingfei, CHEN Xinxin, XU Gaoming, DING Qishuo. DEM Analysis of Spatial Distribution Quality of Rotary Tillage Straw Returning[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(6):44-53.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-06-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-07-21
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