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基于全卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的核桃異物檢測(cè)裝備設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(31972161)


Design and Test of Detecting System for Impurities in Walnut Based on Full Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)核桃生產(chǎn)線的異物檢測(cè)需求,,首先根據(jù)現(xiàn)有通用的核桃加工生產(chǎn)線結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),,設(shè)計(jì)并搭建了一套核桃異物檢測(cè)裝備,該裝備包括設(shè)備框架,、圖像采集系統(tǒng)和恒定光源系統(tǒng),,整體尺寸為470mm×600mm×615mm。然后以浙江省杭州市核桃生產(chǎn)基地的核桃和實(shí)際生產(chǎn)加工中出現(xiàn)的樹葉,、樹枝、石子,、金屬,、塑料等異物為檢測(cè)對(duì)象,通過工業(yè)相機(jī)實(shí)時(shí)采集生產(chǎn)線上的核桃圖像,,獲取直觀的圖像信息數(shù)據(jù),。結(jié)合了深度學(xué)習(xí)與計(jì)算機(jī)視覺技術(shù),利用基于全卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Fully convolutional networks,,F(xiàn)CN)的算法進(jìn)行圖像邊緣檢測(cè),,對(duì)核桃生產(chǎn)加工中可能出現(xiàn)的異物進(jìn)行了檢測(cè),并通過試驗(yàn)對(duì)其性能加以驗(yàn)證。結(jié)果表明,,訓(xùn)練集檢測(cè)準(zhǔn)確率為92.75%,,驗(yàn)證集準(zhǔn)確率為90.35%,檢測(cè)速率為4.28f/s,,滿足生產(chǎn)線運(yùn)輸速度1m/s的檢測(cè)要求,。該研究即使在樣本量較少的情況下,仍然得到了較好的圖像分割效果,,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)核桃生產(chǎn)線的異物實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè),。

    Abstract:

    Aiming to solve the needs of foreign matter detection in walnut production line, a set of walnut impurity detection equipment was designed and built based on the existing universal walnut processing production line, including portable frame, image acquisition system, and constant light source system. The overall size was 470mm×600mm×615mm. Walnuts from Zhejiang Province and impurities, including leaves, stones, paper, screws and fabric were photographed as detection objects by industrial camera above the production line in real time for intuitive image information data. An image segmentation technology combined with deep learning and computer vision, and the fully convolutional network (FCN) algorithm were applied to detect impurities that might occur in walnut production and processing. According to the test, the accuracy for detection and classification of walnut and foreign body was effective, which was 92.75% of training set and 90.35% of testing set. The speed of production line was 1m/s. The recognition speed of detecting was 4.28f/s, which can meet the requirements of real-time detecting of impurities. The biggest error was in the “walnut-background”, where original walnut was predicted to be the background. The main reason was that some features in walnuts (such as cracks and lines) were similar to the background. Focusing on the analysis of foreign body error, it showed that impurities were mis-predicted as the “background” much more than the impurities were mis-predicted as the “walnut”. Two main reasons led to this difference. On the one hand, when labelling manually, the pollutants on the conveyor belt were not judged as foreign bodies. On the other hand, because the size of impurities was generally small and the cardinality of pixel points was insufficient, the influence of false prediction was greater, thus amplifying the error. The reliability of the model was good. Even if the artificial labeling error occurred, walnut was mislabeled as impurities, but the trained model could still distinguish walnut and adjacent impurities well. The method proposed was worthy of further study for the online detection of impurities in automatic production of walnut, and it was of great significance to broaden the market of nut food and improve its economic benefits.

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謝麗娟,戴犇輝,洪友君,應(yīng)義斌.基于全卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的核桃異物檢測(cè)裝備設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(5):385-391. XIE Lijuan, DAI Benhui, HONG Youjun, YING Yibin. Design and Test of Detecting System for Impurities in Walnut Based on Full Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(5):385-391.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-10-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-05-10
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