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基于占空比測(cè)量的谷物聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)產(chǎn)量監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)研究
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江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新基金項(xiàng)目(CX(20)1007),、江蘇省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)機(jī)裝備與技術(shù)示范推廣項(xiàng)目(NJ2020-60),、現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(CARS-04-PS26)、中央級(jí)公益性科研院所基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)(S202104-01)和中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(農(nóng)科院辦(2014)216號(hào))


Design and Experiment of Yield Monitoring System of Grain Combine Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)谷物聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)產(chǎn)量監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)成本高,、結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜和穩(wěn)定性較低的問(wèn)題,,設(shè)計(jì)了基于占空比測(cè)量的谷物聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)產(chǎn)量監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng),由對(duì)射式光電傳感器,、GPS模塊,、數(shù)據(jù)處理單元、數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)單元和可視化單元組成,。系統(tǒng)工作時(shí),,通過(guò)對(duì)射式光電傳感器監(jiān)測(cè)刮板上谷物遮擋與不遮擋兩種電壓信號(hào),,通過(guò)軟件系統(tǒng)處理信號(hào)中高度對(duì)應(yīng)的占空比,利用占空比與產(chǎn)量計(jì)量模型的關(guān)系獲得產(chǎn)量數(shù)據(jù),,并連同系統(tǒng)的絕對(duì)時(shí)間,、GPS數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)到系統(tǒng)中。通過(guò)EDEM仿真和理論模型分析,,推導(dǎo)了占空比測(cè)量值與谷物質(zhì)量的正比例關(guān)系,。利用臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)對(duì)占空比測(cè)量值與谷物質(zhì)量進(jìn)行了全局模型和局部模型擬合,決定系數(shù)R2均不小于0.988,。隨后通過(guò)臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)對(duì)全局模型和局部模型進(jìn)行模型分析,,臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,雖然局部模型可能對(duì)固定轉(zhuǎn)速下的測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)更優(yōu),,但全局模型更具有通用性,。隨著系統(tǒng)測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)的增加,相對(duì)誤差逐步減小,。田間試驗(yàn)中對(duì)系統(tǒng)測(cè)量的異常信號(hào)進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析,,為了減少異常信號(hào)對(duì)測(cè)產(chǎn)誤差的影響,對(duì)系統(tǒng)測(cè)量值與實(shí)際產(chǎn)量進(jìn)行了標(biāo)定,。田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,產(chǎn)量監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)測(cè)產(chǎn)最大相對(duì)誤差為3.83%,平均相對(duì)誤差為0.40%,,系統(tǒng)整體誤差和誤差波動(dòng)均較小。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of high cost, complex structure and low stability of grain combined harvester yield monitoring system, a grain harvester yield monitoring system was designed based on duty cycle measurement, which consisted of photoelectric sensor, GPS module, data processing unit, data storage unit and visualization unit. When the system worked, two voltage signals of grain covering and non-covering on the scraper were monitored by the reflection photoelectric sensor, and the highly corresponding duty ratio in the signal was processed by the software system. The relationship between the duty ratio and the output measurement model was used to obtain the output data, which was stored in the system together with the time and GPS data of the system. Through EDEM simulation and theoretical model analysis, the direct proportional relationship between the measured duty ratio and grain mass was deduced. The global model and local model were fitted to the measured duty cycle and grain mass by bench test, and the R2 of all the fitting lines were not less than 0.988. Then the global model and the local model were analyzed by the bench test. The bench test results showed that although the local model may be better for the measured data at fixed speed, the global model was more versatile. With the increase of measurement data, the relative error was decreased gradually. In the field experiment, the abnormal signals in the system measurement process were counted and analyzed. In order to reduce the influence of abnormal signals on the measurement error, the measured values of the system were calibrated with the actual output. The field experiment results showed that the maximum relative error of the yield monitoring system was 3.83%, the average relative error was 0.40%, and the overall error and error fluctuation of the system were small.

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金誠(chéng)謙,蔡澤宇,楊騰祥,劉政,印祥,達(dá)飛鵬.基于占空比測(cè)量的谷物聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)產(chǎn)量監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(5):125-135. JIN Chengqian, CAI Zeyu, YANG Tengxiang, LIU Zheng, YIN Xiang, DA Feipen. Design and Experiment of Yield Monitoring System of Grain Combine Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(5):125-135.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-06-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-05-10
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