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王草收獲機旋轉(zhuǎn)刀盤式平茬切割裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化專項(2021CG0011)和財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項目(CARS-34)


Design and Experiment of Rotary Cutter Disc Type Flat Stubble Cutting Device for King Grass Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對目前王草缺少專用機械收獲裝備,傳統(tǒng)通用型切割裝置對王草平茬刈割效果不穩(wěn)定等問題,,設(shè)計了一種王草收獲機旋轉(zhuǎn)刀盤式平茬切割裝置,。根據(jù)王草簇狀分蘗生長的生物特性和平茬刈割的收獲要求,完成切割裝置的總體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計,通過理論分析,,確定了切割器和塔輪式輸送器的關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)和工作參數(shù),。利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA仿真對比單動刀切割和動定刀組合切割的切割效果,結(jié)果表明動定刀組合切割斷面平整度優(yōu)于單動刀切割,,在刀盤低速切割時,,動定刀組合的切割功耗小于單動刀切割;切割輸送仿真試驗表明塔輪式輸送器的輸送效果較好,,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)割后王草莖稈的順茬輸送,。搭建切割器試驗臺,采用Box-Behnken設(shè)計方法,,選擇動定刀間隙,、刀盤轉(zhuǎn)速和刀盤傾角為試驗因素,留茬破頭率和切割功耗為試驗指標,,建立了因素與指標間的回歸模型,,通過NSGA-Ⅱ算法,確定切割器最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合為動定刀間隙2.98mm,、刀盤轉(zhuǎn)速為84.7r/min、刀盤傾角為28.65°,,在此參數(shù)組合下測得留茬破頭率為8.66%,,單位切割功耗為7.78mJ/mm2。在此基礎(chǔ)上進行田間試驗,,試驗結(jié)果與優(yōu)化結(jié)果基本一致,,結(jié)果表明旋轉(zhuǎn)刀盤式王草平茬切割裝置應用于王草收獲總體收割質(zhì)量較好。

    Abstract:

    In view of lack of special mechanical harvesting equipment, a rotary cutter disc flat stubble cutting device of King grass harvester was designed. According to the biological characteristics of King grass and the harvest requirements of flat stubble cutting, the overall structure design of the cutting device was completed. Through theoretical analysis, the key structures and working parameters of cutter and conveyor were determined. ANSYS/LS-DYNA was used to simulate and compare the cutting effects of single moving knife cutting and moving fixed knife combination cutting. The results showed that the flatness of cutting section with moving and fixed cutter was better than that with single moving cutter. When the cutter head was cutting at low speed, the cutting power consumption of the combination of moving and fixed cutter was less than that of single moving cutter. The conveyor had good conveying effect and can realize the continuous stubble conveying of King grass stalk after cutting. The cutter test-bed was built. Through NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm, the optimal parameter combination of cutter was determined: the blade clearance was 2.98mm, the cutter head speed was 84.7r/min, and the cutter head inclination was 28.65°. Under this parameter combination, the stubble breaking rate was 8.66% and the unit cutting power consumption was 7.78mJ/mm2. On this basis, the field experiment was carried out, and the experimental results were basically consistent with the optimization results. The results showed that the overall harvest quality was better when the rotary cutter disc flat stubble cutting device was applied to the harvest of King grass.

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郇曉龍,尤泳,王德成,李思標,祝露,廖洋洋.王草收獲機旋轉(zhuǎn)刀盤式平茬切割裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(5):112-124. HUAN Xiaolong, YOU Yong, WANG Decheng, LI Sibiao, ZHU Lu, LIAO Yangyang. Design and Experiment of Rotary Cutter Disc Type Flat Stubble Cutting Device for King Grass Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(5):112-124.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-01-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-05-10
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