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坡耕地鴨嘴式玉米排種器間歇同步充補(bǔ)裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31901414)、黑龍江省優(yōu)秀青年科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(YQ2021E003)和東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)“青年才俊”項(xiàng)目(19QC41)


Design and Experiment of Intermittent Synchronous Seeding and Reseeding Device of Duck-billed Corn Seed Metering Machine in Sloping Farmland
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)坡耕地環(huán)境下鴨嘴式玉米排種器排種質(zhì)量差及性能不穩(wěn)定等問(wèn)題,,以鴨嘴式玉米排種器為載體,設(shè)計(jì)了一種配套的間歇同步充補(bǔ)裝置,。闡述了排種器整體結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理,,分析了種子在排種器內(nèi)部排種、補(bǔ)種及導(dǎo)種過(guò)程,,優(yōu)化了間歇同步充補(bǔ)裝置搖桿,、內(nèi)棘輪和鴨嘴式排種器直角導(dǎo)種部件等關(guān)鍵部件結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)。結(jié)合理論分析和坡耕地播種農(nóng)藝要求,選取作業(yè)速度,、回位彈簧預(yù)緊力和作業(yè)坡角為試驗(yàn)因素,,合格指數(shù)和變異系數(shù)為性能指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了單因素試驗(yàn)、正交試驗(yàn)及臺(tái)架對(duì)比試驗(yàn),。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,性能指標(biāo)隨作業(yè)速度和作業(yè)坡角增加先增加后降低,隨回位彈簧預(yù)緊力增加先增加后趨于平穩(wěn),;當(dāng)作業(yè)速度為1m/s,、回位彈簧預(yù)緊力為15.6N(型號(hào)T4,絲徑為1mm,,中徑為7mm,,原長(zhǎng)為25mm)、作業(yè)坡角為12°時(shí),,其排種性能較優(yōu),,合格指數(shù)為98.7%,變異系數(shù)為10.2%,;較傳統(tǒng)鴨嘴式排種器其合格指數(shù)提高了9.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn),,滿(mǎn)足坡耕地環(huán)境下精量播種作業(yè)要求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of poor seeding quality and unstable performance of the duck-billed corn seed metering device under slope farming conditions, taking duckbill corn metering device as carrier, an intermittent synchronous seeding and reseeding device was designed. The overall structure and working principle of the seed metering device were described, the seeding, reseeding and seed guiding process of the corn seeds inside the seed metering device were analyzed, the structure parameters of key components such as the intermittent synchronous seeding and reseeding device of rocker, inner ratchet and duckbill type seed metering device of right-angle seed guide components were optimized. Combining theoretical analysis and agronomic requirements for sloping farmland sowing, the single factor test, orthogonal test and bed comparison experiment were carried out by selecting operating speed, return spring preload and operating slope angle as test factors, and taking seeding qualified index and seeding coefficient of variation as test indicators. The experiment results showed that the performance index was increased first and then decreased with the increase of working speed and working slope angle, as the return spring preload increased, it was firstly increased and then stabilized. When the operating speed was 1m/s, the return spring preload was 15.6N (model T4, wire diameter was 1mm, middle diameter was 7mm, original length was 25mm), and the operating slope angle was 12°, the seeding performance was the best, with seeding qualified index of 98.7% and seeding coefficient of variation of 10.2%. Compared with the traditional duckbill precision seed metering device, its eligibility index was increased by 9.5 percentage points, and it can meet the requirements of planting operations in sloping farmland environment. The research result can provide reference for the R&D and design of key technologies and supporting working parts for seeding under sloping farmland conditions.

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王金武,王梓名,徐常塑,周文琪,杜木軍,唐漢.坡耕地鴨嘴式玉米排種器間歇同步充補(bǔ)裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(5):57-66. WANG Jinwu, WANG Ziming, XU Changsu, ZHOU Wenqi, DU Mujun, TANG Han. Design and Experiment of Intermittent Synchronous Seeding and Reseeding Device of Duck-billed Corn Seed Metering Machine in Sloping Farmland[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(5):57-66.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-05-17
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2022-05-10
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