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蚯蚓運(yùn)動(dòng)特征仿生篩篩上玉米脫出物運(yùn)動(dòng)特性研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52075091)和黑龍江省教育廳省屬高??萍汲晒D(zhuǎn)化支持計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(TSTAU-R202003)


Motion Characteristics of Maize Mixture on Bionic Screen Based on Earthworm Motion Characteristics
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    摘要:

    為探究基于蚯蚓運(yùn)動(dòng)特征的仿生篩上玉米脫出物的運(yùn)動(dòng)特性,,利用API實(shí)現(xiàn)了仿生篩在EDEM中的非簡(jiǎn)諧運(yùn)動(dòng)(兩移動(dòng)一轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)),并采用CFD-DEM耦合方法對(duì)玉米脫出物在氣流和仿生篩共同作用下的篩上運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬,。通過(guò)分析玉米脫出物的篩分過(guò)程,,明晰了仿生篩對(duì)篩上玉米脫出物的運(yùn)移機(jī)理。探究了玉米脫出物在仿生篩上不同區(qū)域的水平運(yùn)移和豎直分層,。數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果表明:玉米籽粒,、芯和莖稈在仿生篩上的平均水平速度分別為0.63、1.60,、2.51m/s,,有利于籽粒和雜余沿篩面水平分離和分散;玉米脫出物在篩體前部的平均水平速度最大,,為1.71m/s,,表明仿生篩能夠?qū)⒑Y體前部的玉米脫出物快速向后運(yùn)移以減少進(jìn)料端堆積;隨著玉米脫出物由篩體中部運(yùn)動(dòng)到篩體尾部,,玉米籽粒平均豎直位移降低20.61mm,,而芯和莖稈平均豎直位移卻分別增大9.84mm和5.70mm,籽粒和雜余在豎直方向上的分層明顯,;通過(guò)高速攝像分析了玉米脫出物在仿生篩上的運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài),并提取了玉米脫出物在篩體前,、中部區(qū)域的平均水平速度,,其變化規(guī)律與數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果基本一致,驗(yàn)證了仿生篩對(duì)篩上玉米脫出物的運(yùn)移機(jī)理,。當(dāng)仿生篩清選裝置入口氣流速度為12.8m/s,、氣流方向角為25°,、篩面最大下凹深度為50mm、凸輪轉(zhuǎn)速為120r/min時(shí),,仿生篩清選裝置篩分后的籽粒損失率均值為0.61%,,籽粒含雜率均值為1.94%,均滿足國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求,。

    Abstract:

    To explore the motion characteristics of maize mixture on the bionic screen designed based on the earthworm motion characteristics, the non-harmonic motion of the bionic screen in EDEM was realized by using API, and computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method (CFD-DEM) were coupled to simulate the motion of maize mixture under the combined action of airflow and bionic screen. The mechanism of maize mixture migrated on bionic screen was clarified by analyzing their screening process. The horizontal migration and vertical stratification of maize mixture in different areas of bionic screen were studied. The numerical simulation results showed that the average horizontal velocity of maize grain, cob, and stalk on the bionic screen was 0.63m/s, 1.60m/s and 2.51m/s, respectively, which was conducive to the horizontal separation and dispersion of maize grains and impurities along the screen surface. The average horizontal velocity of the maize mixture in the front of the screen was the fastest, which was 1.71m/s, indicating that the bionic screen could make the maize mixture migrate backward rapidly in the front of the screen to reduce the accumulation at the feeding end. When the maize mixture moved from the middle to the tail of the screen, the average vertical displacement of maize grain was decreased from 40.20mm to 19.59mm, and the average vertical displacements of the cob and stalk were increased from 54.47mm and 71.31mm to 64.31mm and 77.01mm, respectively. From bottom to top, the maize mixture on the screen was maize grain, cob, and stalk, respectively. With the maize mixture migrating backward, the vertical stratification of maize grain and impurity became more apparent. The motion state of the maize mixture on the bionic screen and their horizontal velocity changed were analyzed by the high-speed camera, which was basically consistent with numerical simulation results. The mechanism of maize mixture migrated on bionic screen was verified. When the inlet airflow velocity of cleaning device of the bionic screen was 12.8m/s, and its airflow direction angle was 25°. The maximum concave depth of the screen surface was 50mm, and the rotational speed of the cams were 120r/min.The loss percentage and impurity percentage of maize grain of the bionic screen was 0.61% and 1.94%, respectively, which met the requirements of the national standard. The research result can provide a reference for parameter optimization and the exploration of flexible screening mechanisms of the maize bionic screen based on the earthworm motion characteristics.

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王立軍,于泳濤,張帥,宋良來(lái),馮鑫.蚯蚓運(yùn)動(dòng)特征仿生篩篩上玉米脫出物運(yùn)動(dòng)特性研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(3):158-166. WANG Lijun, YU Yongtao, ZHANG Shuai, SONG Lianglai, FENG Xin. Motion Characteristics of Maize Mixture on Bionic Screen Based on Earthworm Motion Characteristics[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(3):158-166.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-03-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-03-10
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