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多氣流協(xié)同式果園V形防飄噴霧裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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山東省農(nóng)業(yè)重大應(yīng)用技術(shù)創(chuàng)新項目(SD2019NJ001),、山東省園藝機械與裝備重點實驗室項目(YYJX-2019-07)和山東省自然科學(xué)基金項目(ZR2018MC017)


Design and Experiment of V-shaped Orchard Anti-drift Spray Device with Multi-airflow Cooperation
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    摘要:

    為提高果園風(fēng)送式噴霧靶標(biāo)區(qū)域沉積量,,減少果樹行間霧滴飄移,在常規(guī)氣流輔助噴霧基礎(chǔ)上,,設(shè)計了一種多氣流協(xié)同式V形防飄噴霧裝置,,通過CFD仿真驗證其防飄效果。以V形風(fēng)場風(fēng)速,、橫風(fēng)風(fēng)速,、噴霧壓力為因素,分別進行單因素和三因素三水平的蘋果樹冠層霧滴飄移沉積試驗,,探析多氣流V形風(fēng)場對霧滴冠層沉積效果的影響規(guī)律,。結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)橫風(fēng)風(fēng)速為3m/s時,,多氣流協(xié)同作用的霧滴沉積密度,、沉積量較單一氣流分別提高了28.7%、17.4%,,飄移量降低了21.8%,;且3種因素對霧滴沉積特性都有顯著影響,由大到小依次為:V形風(fēng)場風(fēng)速,、橫風(fēng)風(fēng)速,、噴霧壓力。通過響應(yīng)面建立了霧滴沉積量預(yù)測優(yōu)化模型,,當(dāng)橫風(fēng)風(fēng)速為2m/s,、噴霧壓力為0.52MPa、V形風(fēng)場風(fēng)速為21.8m/s時,,霧滴沉積量最優(yōu)值為4.81μL/cm2,,田間試驗結(jié)果為4.72μL/cm2,與霧滴沉積模型預(yù)測基本一致,。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the deposition in the target area of orchard wind-fed spray and reduce the drift of fog drops between rows, a V-shaped anti-drift spray device with multi-airflow cooperation was designed on the basis of conventional airflow assisted spray. CFD simulation was used to verify the anti-flapping effect. The simulation results showed that the droplet deposition area of multi-airflow was more concentrated than that of single air flow, and the droplet escape rate was reduced by 40.3%. The feasibility of anti-drift and droplet uniformity test under multi-airflow and single airflow were carried out. The results showed that the droplet drift rate, quality center distance and droplet deposition distribution coefficient of variation were reduced by 29.2%, 25.2% and 30.2% compared with single airflow, respectively. The wind speed in the V-shape wind field, the wind speed in the crosswind and the spray pressure were taken as factors. Single-factor and three-factor and three-level fog droplet drift deposition experiments were carried out in apple tree canopy. The influence law of multi-ariflow V-shaped wind field on fog drop canopy deposition was analyzed. The results showed that when the crosswind speed was 3m/s, the deposition density and deposition amount of fog droplets under the synergistic action of multiple flows were increased by 28.7% and 17.4%, and the drift amount was decreased by 21.8%, respectively, compared with single ariflow. The three factors had significant influence on the droplet deposition characteristics. The influence degree from large to small was the wind speed in V-shaped wind field, the wind speed in crosswind, and spray pressure. The optimal model for predicting droplet deposition was established by response surface. When the crosswind speed was 2m/s, the spray pressure was 0.52MPa, the wind speed was 21.8m/s in the V-shaped wind field, the optimal value of fog droplet deposition was 4.81μL/cm2. The result of field experiment was 4.72μL/cm2, which was consistent with the prediction of fog droplet deposition model.

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樊桂菊,牛成強,張震明,王東偉,毛文華,姜紅花.多氣流協(xié)同式果園V形防飄噴霧裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2022,53(3):138-147. FAN Guiju, NIU Chengqiang, ZHANG Zhenming, WANG Dongwei, MAO Wenhua, JIANG Honghua. Design and Experiment of V-shaped Orchard Anti-drift Spray Device with Multi-airflow Cooperation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(3):138-147.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-08-04
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-03-10
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