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組合型孔輪式玉米精量穴播器設計與試驗
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兵團重點領域科技攻關計劃項目(2020AB011)、兵團中青年科技創(chuàng)新領軍人才計劃項目(2018CB010)和新疆農墾科學院院級科研項目(2020YJ011)


Design and Experiment of Combined-hole Maize Precision Dibbler
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    針對新疆現(xiàn)有夾持式穴播器易空穴,,充種性能還需進一步提高等問題,,結合型孔輪式穴播器和階梯形型孔對種子適應性強的特點,設計一種組合型孔輪式玉米精量穴播器,,通過理論分析建立型孔與取種塊間相對運動模型,分析其相對位置對充種性能的影響規(guī)律,,確定影響排種性能的參數(shù)及范圍,完成組合型孔和齒板的參數(shù)設計,。通過單因素試驗確定并縮小關鍵參數(shù)范圍,,以型孔方向角、型孔位置角,、穴播器轉速為試驗因素,,以排種合格指數(shù)、重播指數(shù),、漏播指數(shù)為試驗指標進行三因素三水平Box-Behnken中心組合試驗,,得到試驗因素與試驗指標間的數(shù)學模型,應用Design-Expert軟件對回歸模型進行多目標優(yōu)化,,得到最佳參數(shù)為:型孔深度12.3mm,,型孔方向角20.3°,型孔位置角44.7°,,穴播器轉速40r/min,,此時排種合格指數(shù)89.12%,重播指數(shù)7.30%,,漏播指數(shù)3.87%,。在最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合下進行臺架驗證試驗,合格指數(shù)為91.14%,,重播指數(shù)4.23%,,漏播指數(shù)4.63%。土槽試驗結果表明,穴播器前進速度為3.38km/h時,,排種合格指數(shù)為92.53%,,重播指數(shù)為3.54%,漏播指數(shù)為3.93%,,較夾持式穴播器排種合格指數(shù)提高了2.53個百分點,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem that the existing gripper hill-seeder in Xinjiang is easy to hole, and the seed filling performance needs to be further improved, a kind of combination-hole maize precision dibbler metering device was designed combining with the characteristics of wheel hole hill-seeder and stepped hole with strong adaptability to seeds, through theoretical analysis, the relative movement model between the combined-hole and the seed wheel was established, and the influence rule of its relative position on seed filling process was analyzed, and the parameters and range that affected seeding performance was determined, and the parameters of the combined-hole and the truss plate were designed. The single factor test was carried out to determine and narrow the scope of key parameters. The direction angle of hole, location angle of hole and rotating speed of metering device were taken as experimental factors, and taking the qualified index of seed spacing, multiple index and missing index as the test evaluations for three factors and three levels Box-Behnken central combination tests, and the mathematical model between experimental factors and indexes was got. Design-Expert software was used to optimize the regression model. The optimum parameters were as follows: the hole depth was 12.3mm, the direction angle of hole was 20.3°, the location angle of hole was 44.7°, the rotating speed of metering device was 40r/min. At this time, the qualified index of seeding was 89.12%, the multiple index was 7.30%, and the missing index was 3.87%. In the optimal parameter combination test, the qualified, the multiple and missing index were 91.14%, 4.23% and 4.63%, respectively. The result of soil bin test showed that the forward speed of seeder was 3.38km/h, the qualified index for seeding was 92.53%, the multiple index was 3.54%, and the missing index was 3.93%, The qualified index of seeding was increased by 2.53 percentage points compared with the clamping dibbler.

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伍皖閩,陳學庚,王士國,顏利民,蔣德莉,紀超.組合型孔輪式玉米精量穴播器設計與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(3):60-70. WU Wanmin, CHEN Xuegeng, WANG Shiguo, YAN Limin, JIANG Deli, JI Chao. Design and Experiment of Combined-hole Maize Precision Dibbler[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(3):60-70.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-12-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-03-10
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