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雙導(dǎo)航模式果園運輸機(jī)器人設(shè)計與試驗
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陜西省科技重大專項(2020zdzx03-04-01)


Design and Experiment of Dual Navigation Mode Orchard Transport Robot
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    摘要:

    為解決果園蘋果采后運輸設(shè)備自主導(dǎo)航模式單一,、無法在任意點起步或停車等問題,,設(shè)計了一種雙導(dǎo)航模式小型果園運輸機(jī)器人,可根據(jù)需求選擇行人引領(lǐng)導(dǎo)航或定點導(dǎo)航,。根據(jù)選擇的導(dǎo)航模式,,采用基于OpenPose人體姿態(tài)識別的目標(biāo)跟蹤控制方法或基于RTK-GNSS(Real time kinematic-global navigation satellite system)的距離-方向控制方法,實現(xiàn)果園環(huán)境下的行人引領(lǐng)導(dǎo)航和定點導(dǎo)航,。該運輸機(jī)器人以額定負(fù)載為200kg,、速度為0.5m/s的條件參數(shù)在果園自主作業(yè)時,行人引領(lǐng)導(dǎo)航模式下目標(biāo)跟蹤誤差平均值小于9cm,,其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差小于4cm,;定點導(dǎo)航模式下到達(dá)目標(biāo)點的相對誤差小于13cm,其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差小于1.5cm,,絕對誤差小于7cm,,其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差小于0.5cm;定點導(dǎo)航模式下機(jī)器人急停避障的行駛路徑與理想行駛路徑間的橫向偏差小于56cm,,航向偏差小于8°,。試驗結(jié)果表明,該機(jī)器人能滿足果園自主運輸和安全避障的需求,。

    Abstract:

    To solve the problems of the existing orchard apple post-harvest transportation equipment with a single autonomous navigation mode and the inability to start or stop at any point, a dual navigation mode small orchard transportation robot was developed and designed, whose hardware system mainly included five modules, such as pedestrian led navigation, fixed-point navigation, control, motion and power, and the software system included three modules, such as command interaction layer, information processing layer and execution layer. The user selected the navigation mode under the command interaction layer according to the demand. In the selected navigation mode, the information processing layer processed the target point pose information provided by the pedestrian led navigation or fixed-point navigation module and then used OpenPose human pose recognition-based target tracking control or Real time kinematic-global navigation satellite system(RTK-GNSS)based distance-angle control methods to output the next moment of motion velocity information to the execution layer. And then the motion and power module realized the pedestrian led navigation and fixed-point navigation in the orchard environment based on the velocity information. When the transport robot operated in the orchard with a rated load of 200kg and speed of 0.5m/s, the average value of target tracking error was less than 9cm and the standard deviation was less than 4cm in the pedestrian led navigation mode;the relative error of reaching the target point was less than 13cm and the standard deviation was less than 1.5cm in the fixed-point navigation mode, and the absolute error was less than 7cm and the standard deviation was less than 0.5cm. The test results showed that the robot can meet the requirements of autonomous transportation and safe obstacle avoidance in orchards.

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毛文菊,劉恒,王小樂,楊福增,劉志杰,汪宗陽.雙導(dǎo)航模式果園運輸機(jī)器人設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2022,53(3):27-39,,49. MAO Wenju, LIU Heng, WANG Xiaole, YANG Fuzeng, LIU Zhijie, WANG Zongyang. Design and Experiment of Dual Navigation Mode Orchard Transport Robot[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(3):27-39,49.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-03-31
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-03-10
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