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不同干燥方式下葉蛋白-辣椒素微膠囊理化特性研究
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFE0112800)和教育部創(chuàng)新團隊發(fā)展計劃項目(IRT-17R105)


Effects of Different Drying Methods on Properties of Leaf Protein-Capsaicin Microcapsules
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    摘要:

    含有豐富蛋白資源的辣椒葉長期作為農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物被掩埋和焚燒造成了嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染與資源浪費,,同時辣椒素作為優(yōu)質(zhì)的天然生物抗菌物質(zhì)因強烈的刺激性氣味限制了其開發(fā)與應(yīng)用?;谖⒛z囊技術(shù)方法以植物辣椒葉中提取的蛋白質(zhì)為壁材,,辣椒素為芯材,采用噴霧干燥和真空冷凍干燥法制備了葉蛋白辣椒素微膠囊,,并利用掃描電子顯微鏡,、X射線衍射儀、傅里葉變換紅外光譜儀,、熱重分析儀,、激光粒度儀及高效液相色譜技術(shù)對不同干燥方式下葉蛋白、辣椒素及其微膠囊的理化特性進行表征,。結(jié)果表明:微膠囊在不同干燥方式下微觀結(jié)構(gòu)差異顯著,,噴霧干燥下微觀結(jié)構(gòu)呈球狀,結(jié)構(gòu)完整,,而真空冷凍干燥下呈片狀結(jié)構(gòu),,形態(tài)不一;X射線衍射分析表明不同干燥方式得到的微膠囊均呈彌散衍射型特征峰,,證明了辣椒素被完全裝載到葉蛋白中,且在樣品制備的過程中沒有形成晶體,;傅里葉變換紅外光譜分析表明不同干燥方式下辣椒素包埋過程均沒有產(chǎn)生新的化學(xué)鍵,,其未與葉蛋白發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng);熱重分析表明,,不同干燥方式得到的微膠囊熱穩(wěn)定性均有所提高,,且葉蛋白的熱穩(wěn)定性低于辣椒素,,保證了辣椒素的成功釋放;粒徑分析表明噴霧干燥法所制備的微膠囊粉末D90為70.2μm,,明顯小于真空冷凍干燥方式下的微膠囊粒徑,,更易于包埋物的釋放;微膠囊包埋率在噴霧和真空冷凍干燥條件下分別為90.38%和85.43%,,表明噴霧干燥法對制備葉蛋白辣椒素微膠囊具有優(yōu)異性,。

    Abstract:

    Pepper leaves, which are rich in protein resources, have been buried and burned as agricultural wastes for a long time, causing serious environmental pollution and resource waste. At the same time, capsaicin, as a highquality natural biological antibacterial substance, has restricted its development and application due to its strong pungent smell. Therefore, based on the method of microcapsule technology, the protein extracted from the leaves of the plant pepper was used as the wall material and capsaicin as the core material. The leaf protein capsaicin microcapsules were prepared by spray drying (SD) and vacuum freeze drying (FD) methods, and the SEM and X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FITR) spectrometer, thermogravimetric (TG) analyzer, laser particle size analyzer and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technology were used to characterize the physical and chemical properties of leaf protein, capsaicin and their microcapsules under different drying methods. The SEM results showed that the microcapsules had significant differences in their microstructures under different drying methods. The microstructures under SD were spherical and complete, while under FD were sheet-like structures with different shapes. XRD analysis showed that the microcapsules all showed characteristic peaks of diffusion diffraction pattern by different drying methods, which proved that capsaicin was completely loaded into leaf protein, and no crystals were formed during sample preparation. FTIR analysis showed that no new chemical bond was produced in capsaicin embedding under different drying methods, and no chemical reaction occurred with leaf protein. TG analysis showed that the thermal stability of microcapsules obtained by different drying methods was improved, and the thermal stability of leaf protein was lower than that of capsaicin, which guaranteed the successful release of capsaicin. The particle size analysis showed that the D90 of the microcapsule powder prepared by SD method was 70.2μm, which was significantly smaller than the particle size of the microcapsules in the FD mode, and it was easier to release the embedded matter. The embedding rate of microcapsules was 90.38% and 85.43% respectively under SD and FD conditions, which indicated that SD method had excellent properties for the preparation of leaf protein-capsaicin microcapsules.

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秦慶雨,李宇宇,李文虎,高冰,韓魯佳,劉賢.不同干燥方式下葉蛋白-辣椒素微膠囊理化特性研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2022,53(2):378-385. QIN Qingyu, LI Yuyu, LI Wenhu, GAO Bing, HAN Lujia, LIU Xian. Effects of Different Drying Methods on Properties of Leaf Protein-Capsaicin Microcapsules[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(2):378-385.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-03-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-04-15
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