0.05),,但深土層降低了0.48個百分點(P<0.05),。OMP處理與CK相比,,亞表層及深土層大孔隙度分別提高了11.95,、0.75個百分點(P<0.05),,其中不同當(dāng)量直徑孔隙度和孔隙連通度均差異顯著(P<0.05),。與CK和PM處理相比,,OMP處理春灌后0~40cm土層含水率分別提高12.02%和6.33%(P<0.05),,全鹽含量分別降低了16.22%和13.21%(P<0.05),;收獲后0~40cm土壤含水率分別降低40.69%和35.77%(P<0.05),,返鹽率分別降低了12.22、11.56個百分點(P<0.05),。大孔隙度,、土壤孔隙連通度與水鹽含量顯著相關(guān)(P<0.05),增加當(dāng)量直徑小于1.500μm孔隙度可以顯著提高春灌后土壤保水效果,,而增加當(dāng)量直徑小于500μm孔隙度可以促進春灌后鹽分淋洗,。通過在亞表層施用有機肥結(jié)合地膜覆蓋可以優(yōu)化土壤物理結(jié)構(gòu),增強鹽漬土水鹽調(diào)控能力,。"/>

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亞表層有機培肥調(diào)控鹽漬土孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)與水鹽運移機制
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(31871584),、國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFC0501302)和中央級公益性科研院所基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費專項(1610132020011)


Effects of Pore Structure and Water-Salt Movement for Saline Soil under Subsurface Organic Amendment
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    為探明亞表層有機培肥結(jié)合地膜覆蓋對土壤孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)及其水鹽運移的調(diào)控機制,以內(nèi)蒙古河套灌區(qū)典型鹽漬土為研究對象,,設(shè)置了地表不覆膜(CK),、地膜每年覆蓋(PM)和亞表層單次有機培肥+地膜每年覆蓋(OMP)3個處理,3年后采用X射線CT掃描和圖像處理技術(shù)獲取了部分亞表層(15~21cm)與深層(35~41cm)土壤孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)信息,,同時測定了土壤剖面水鹽含量,,分析了土壤孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)與水鹽分布特征的關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明,,PM處理與CK相比,,亞表層大孔隙度(>30μm)無明顯差異(P>0.05),但深土層降低了0.48個百分點(P<0.05),。OMP處理與CK相比,,亞表層及深土層大孔隙度分別提高了11.95、0.75個百分點(P<0.05),,其中不同當(dāng)量直徑孔隙度和孔隙連通度均差異顯著(P<0.05),。與CK和PM處理相比,OMP處理春灌后0~40cm土層含水率分別提高12.02%和6.33%(P<0.05),,全鹽含量分別降低了16.22%和13.21%(P<0.05),;收獲后0~40cm土壤含水率分別降低40.69%和35.77%(P<0.05),返鹽率分別降低了12.22,、11.56個百分點(P<0.05),。大孔隙度、土壤孔隙連通度與水鹽含量顯著相關(guān)(P<0.05),,增加當(dāng)量直徑小于1.500μm孔隙度可以顯著提高春灌后土壤保水效果,,而增加當(dāng)量直徑小于500μm孔隙度可以促進春灌后鹽分淋洗。通過在亞表層施用有機肥結(jié)合地膜覆蓋可以優(yōu)化土壤物理結(jié)構(gòu),,增強鹽漬土水鹽調(diào)控能力。

    Abstract:

    Plastic film mulching is one of the widely adopted agronomic measures in the northwest of China, and subsurface (10~30cm) organic amendment is an important soil improvement and fertilization technique to quickly realize the efficient use of salinized farmland. However, it is still not clear of the effects of combinations of plastic film mulching and subsurface organic amendment on the soil pore structure and water-salt movement. The field experiment with three treatments was conducted: with (PM) and without (CK) plastic film mulching yearly, as well as the combination of subsurface organic amendment once with plastic film mulching yearly (OMP), in a typical saline soil in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia. Pore structures of subsurface (15~21cm) and deep (35~41cm) soil layers were measured by X-ray computed tomography and image processing, water and salt contents within soil profiles were measured in three years after the applications simultaneously, and then the effects of soil pore structure on water-salt movement were analyzed. The results showed that there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in macroporosity (greater than 30μm) between PM and CK in subsurface soil layer. However, the macroporosity in deep soil layer of PM was decreased by 0.48 percentage points than that of CK(P<0.05). Compared with CK, the macroporosity of OMP was boosted by 11.95 percentage points and 0.75 percentage points in subsurface and deep soil layers (P<0.05), respectively. The porosity of each equivalent pore size and the pore connectivity were also improved significantly with OMP than that with CK. Compared with CK and PM, the water contents in 0~40cm soil layers with OMP were significantly increased by 12.02% and 6.33%, and its total salt contents were significantly reduced by 16.22% and 13.21% (P<0.05) after spring irrigation, respectively. In addition, the water contents in 0~40cm soil layers with OMP were decreased by 40.69% and 35.77% after harvest, and its salt accumulation rate was reduced by 12.22 percentage points and 11.56 percentage points respectively (P<0.05), compared with CK and PM. It was worth noting that the macroporosity, soil pore connectivity, and water-salt content were significantly related (P<0.05). Increasing the porosity of equivalent diameter (less than 1.500μm) significantly improved the soil water retention ability, and fortifying the porosity of equivalent diameter (less than 500μm) promoted the salt leaching after spring irrigation. Therefore, subsurface organic amendment combined with plastic film mulching could optimize the soil physical structure and enhance the regulation ability to regulate water and salt contents in saline soil.

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張宏媛,逄煥成,宋佳珅,王國麗,常芳弟,李玉義.亞表層有機培肥調(diào)控鹽漬土孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)與水鹽運移機制[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2022,53(2):355-364. ZHANG Hongyuan, PANG Huancheng, SONG Jiashen, WANG Guoli, CHANG Fangdi, LI Yuyi. Effects of Pore Structure and Water-Salt Movement for Saline Soil under Subsurface Organic Amendment[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(2):355-364.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-02-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-04-06
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