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油麥兼用型氣送式集排器混種部件設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51875229)、財(cái)政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代油菜產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-12),、湖北省科技廳農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新行動(dòng)項(xiàng)目和中國博士后科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(2021M701340)


Design and Test on Mixing Component of Air-assisted Centralized Metering Device for Rapeseed and Wheat
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)油麥兼用型氣送式集排器排種過程中混種部件內(nèi)壓力梯度變化方向與種子輸送方向不匹配,,造成種子倒流和逆流,降低集排器各行排量一致性的問題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于文丘里原理的混種部件,,確定了文丘里混種室和輸種管的主要結(jié)構(gòu)及關(guān)鍵參數(shù),分析了輸送氣流速度,、種子速度,、混種部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)總壓力損失的影響。應(yīng)用DEM-CFD耦合仿真對(duì)比分析了3種輸種管與2種文丘里混種室組合的6種結(jié)構(gòu)混種部件對(duì)種子遷移軌跡,、輸送氣流壓力分布及輸種性能的影響,,結(jié)果表明:加速混合段的文丘里混種室與彎管接頭的輸種管組合的混種部件輸種性能較優(yōu),輸種管垂直管段內(nèi)油菜和小麥各區(qū)域種量一致性變異系數(shù)分別為9.63%和13.43%,。利用智能種植機(jī)械測(cè)試平臺(tái)開展較優(yōu)組合的混種部件對(duì)排種性能影響試驗(yàn),,結(jié)果表明:油菜種子倒流率低于3.2%,無種子逆流,,小麥種子無倒流和逆流,;油菜和小麥各行排量一致性變異系數(shù)分別低于5%和3.9%,總排量穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)分別低于1.15%和1.35%,,滿足油菜和小麥排種性能要求,,可為氣送式集排器混種部件的結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)提供參考。

    Abstract:

    Considering the problem that the pressure gradient change direction in mixing component does not match with seed conveying direction during seeding process, causing backflow and counterflow of seeds, which leads to each row seeding uniformity of centralized metering lower, a prototype of mixing component based on Venturi principle was developed. The main structure and key parameters of the Venturi mixing seed chamber and conveying seed tube were determined. The effects of airflow velocity, seed velocity, and structure of mixing component on total pressure loss were analyzed. The DEM-CFD coupled simulation was used to compare and analyze the effects of three kinds of conveying seed tube and two kinds of Venturi mixing seed chamber on seed migration trajectory, airflow pressure distribution and conveying seed performance. The simulation results showed that the combination of Venturi mixing seed chamber with accelerating mixing section and the conveying seed tube with elbow joint had better conveying seed performance, and the variation coefficient of seed quantity consistency of each area for rapeseed and wheat in the vertical section of conveying seed tube was 9.63% and 13.43%, respectively. The intelligent test platform for planting machines was used to carry out the test of the effect of better combination of mixing component on the seeding performance. The bench test results indicated that the backflow rate of rapeseed was less than 3.2%, there was no counterflow of rapeseed, and backflow and counterflow of wheat seed. The uniformity variation coefficient of seeding quality of rapeseed and wheat was less than 5% and 3.9%, respectively. The stability variation coefficient of total seeding quality of rapeseed and wheat was less than 1.15%% and 1.35%, respectively, which met the performance requirements of rapeseed and wheat seeding. The research can provide a reference for the structure improvement of the mixing component of airassisted centralized metering device.

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王磊,廖宜濤,萬星宇,王寶山,胡喬磊,廖慶喜.油麥兼用型氣送式集排器混種部件設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(2):68-79,97. WANG Lei, LIAO Yitao, WAN Xingyu, WANG Baoshan, HU Qiaolei, LIAO Qingxi. Design and Test on Mixing Component of Air-assisted Centralized Metering Device for Rapeseed and Wheat[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(2):68-79,97.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-03-05
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-04-10
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