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不同加氣和粒徑條件下渾水滴灌滴頭堵塞特性研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52079112、51679205)


Clogging Characteristics of Muddy Drip Irrigation Dripper under Different Aeration and Particle Size Conditions
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    摘要:

    為探明渾水滴灌過(guò)程中水中加氣對(duì)滴頭堵塞的影響,,以齒形迷宮流道滴頭為研究對(duì)象,,采用周期性間歇灌水測(cè)試方法,,用最大粒徑小于0.1mm的泥沙配置了5種不同的渾水,運(yùn)用激光粒度分析儀和場(chǎng)發(fā)射掃描電鏡等方法研究了滴頭堵塞狀況,。結(jié)果表明:加氣和泥沙顆粒級(jí)配對(duì)滴頭堵塞具有極顯著影響(P<0.01),;加氣提升了毛管內(nèi)泥沙輸移能力、促進(jìn)大泥沙顆粒排出,,減小淤積泥沙中值粒徑,,且泥沙最大粒徑越小,加氣對(duì)泥沙運(yùn)移的影響越小,,毛管淤積物質(zhì)量,、淤積泥沙中值粒徑較未加氣處理減少8.75%~31.92%、8.59%~35.64%,;泥沙粒徑為0.075~0.100mm時(shí),,滴頭流量下降最快,泥沙為粒徑0~0100mm時(shí),,滴頭流量下降最慢,;加氣增大了水流紊動(dòng)程度,促進(jìn)渾水中大顆粒泥沙在流道內(nèi)的輸移,;加氣加劇了渾水中小顆粒泥沙在流道入口處黏附,,加速了流道入口堵塞,滴頭Dra和Cu比未加氣處理低9.0~18.7個(gè)百分點(diǎn)和16.2~36.4個(gè)百分點(diǎn),,這是造成加氣加速滴頭堵塞的主要原因,。建議進(jìn)行毛管沖洗,降低流道入口堵塞風(fēng)險(xiǎn),,以提高加氣滴灌滴頭的抗堵塞性,。

    Abstract:

    Underground drip irrigation is the best way of aerated irrigation, but the narrow channel of the dripper is easy to be clogged by particles in the water. It is of great significance to improve the operation efficiency of aerated drip irrigation system if the law of fine sediment transport and deposition under aerated conditions can be found out and reasonable control measures can be taken to alleviate dripper clogging. In order to explore the influence of aeration on the dripper clogging, five kinds of sediment graded muddy water (0~0.100mm, 0.075~0.100mm, 0.050~0.075mm, 0.031~0.050mm and 0~0.031mm) with sediment concentration of 1g/L were disposed and the effect of aeration in water on the toothed labyrinth channel dripper clogging was studied by periodic intermittent irrigation test. The deposited sediment was observed and analyzed by laser particle size analyzer and field emission scanning electron microscope. The results showed that aeration and sediment particle size had significant effect on dripper clogging (P<0.01). Aeration improved the sediment transport capability in the laterals, promoted the discharge of large particle sediment, reduced the median particle size of depositing sediment and the effect of aeration on sediment transport was decreased with the decrease of the maximum particle size of sediment. The mass of depositing sediment and the median particle size of depositing sediment in the laterals were 8.75%~31.92% and 8.59%~35.64% lower than those without aerated treatment. When the particle size was 0.075~0.100mm, the relative flow rate of the dripper was decreased the fastest and the relative flow rate of the dripper was decreased the slowest when the particle size was 0~0.100mm. Aeration enhanced the degree of flow turbulence and promoted the transport of large-particle sediment in the flow channel. Aeration promoted the adhesion of small-particle sediment at the entrance of the flow channel and accelerated the clogging of the flow channel entrance. The Dra and Cu of dripper were 9.0~18.7 percentage points and 16.2~36.4 percentage points lower than those without aerated treatment. The above were the main reasons for aeration aggravates the clogging of the dripper. It was suggested that lateral flushing should be carried out to reduce the risk of channel entrance clogging and improve the anti-clogging capability of aeration drip irrigation dripper.

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牛文全,張二信,呂暢,孫軍,董愛(ài)紅,鄔夢(mèng)龍.不同加氣和粒徑條件下渾水滴灌滴頭堵塞特性研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(11):144-152,169. NIU Wenquan, ZHANG Erxin, Lü Chang, SUN Jun, DONG Aihong, WU Menglong. Clogging Characteristics of Muddy Drip Irrigation Dripper under Different Aeration and Particle Size Conditions[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(11):144-152,,169.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-07-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-11-10
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