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射流式水田株間除草裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51875098),、國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系崗位科學(xué)家項目(CARS-01-44)和黑龍江省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)協(xié)同創(chuàng)新體系崗位專家項目


Design and Experiment of Jet-type Paddy Field Weeding Device between Plants
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    摘要:

    針對水田株間除草作業(yè)勞動強度大,、株間除草率低、易損傷秧苗等問題,,提出一種水射流除草方法,,以此設(shè)計了一種射流式株間除草裝置。首先通過理論分析與參數(shù)計算確定了射流傾角為31°,,噴嘴直徑為0.004mm,,運用動量守恒定理、粘性流體力學(xué)和土力學(xué)原理進行分析,,建立了噴嘴臨界破土壓力模型,,得出噴嘴臨界破土壓力為0.53MPa。進行水稻根系抗沖斷極限水壓試驗,,確定了噴嘴出口壓力上限為1.5MPa,。進行臺架試驗,,選取裝置前進速度和噴嘴出口壓力為試驗因素,,以除草率為試驗指標,采用二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合設(shè)計,,建立了試驗指標與影響因素回歸模型,。運用Design-Expert 8.0.6軟件對試驗數(shù)據(jù)分析并進行驗證試驗,結(jié)果表明,,當(dāng)裝置前進速度為0.3m/s,,壓力為1.5MPa時,除草率為90.62%,。滿足水田機械除草作業(yè)農(nóng)藝和技術(shù)要求,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of high labor intensity of weeding operations, the low weeding rate inter-plants and the seedling damage in transplanting rice field, a new method of weeding by water jet between plants in complex paddy filed environment was proposed. Based on the water jet weeding method and the mechanical structure design, a jet type inter-plant weeding device was designed. Firstly, by analyzing the structural characteristics of rice seedings, weed roots and submerged water jet, the injector angle was determined to be 31°and the diameter parameters of the injector was determined to be 0.004mm through theoretical analysis and parameter calculation. Combined with the momentum conservation theorem, the viscous fluid mechanics, and the soil mechanics analysis, the critical failure condition model of soil was established, and the critical pressure of earth breaking of the injector was obtained to be 0.53MPa. The extreme water pressure test of rice root system anti-breaking was carried out, and the maximum pressure limit of injector outlet was determined to be 1.5MPa. Besides, the bench test was carried out, the forward speed of the device and the pressure of the injector outlet were selected as the test factors, the weeding rate was used as the test index. Both the test index and the influencing factor regression model were established by using the method of secondary orthogonal rotation combination design. The Design-Expert 8.0.6 software was used to analyze and verify the test data, the results showed that when the forward speed of the device was 0.3m/s and the pressure was 1.5MPa, the weeding rate was 90.62%. The device can meet the agronomic and technical requirements of paddy field mechanical weeding operations.

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王金武,閆東偉,王奇,唐漢,王金峰,周文琪.射流式水田株間除草裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2021,52(11):78-85,94. WANG Jinwu, YAN Dongwei, WANG Qi, TANG Han, WANG Jinfeng, ZHOU Wenqi. Design and Experiment of Jet-type Paddy Field Weeding Device between Plants[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(11):78-85,,94.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-07-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-11-10
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