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油菜直播機四頭螺旋雙行排肥器設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2020YFD1000904)


Design and Experiment of Quad-screw Double-row Fertilizer Apparatus for Rape Seeding Machine
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    摘要:

    針對油菜直播機常用外槽輪排肥器排肥穩(wěn)定性和均勻性不足及各行一致性低等問題,設(shè)計了一種四頭螺旋雙行排肥器,。分析了肥料顆粒在螺旋排肥中的運動特性,,確定了排肥螺旋螺距范圍和臨界轉(zhuǎn)速,運用EDEM仿真分析得出排肥螺旋頭數(shù)為四頭和螺距為24mm時,,排肥器具有最佳的排肥性能,;開展了排肥螺旋轉(zhuǎn)速對排肥器排肥性能影響和不同肥料適應(yīng)性的臺架試驗,試驗結(jié)果表明,,排肥速率隨排肥螺旋轉(zhuǎn)速增大而增加,,單行排肥速率為461.19~1328.57g/min,排肥均勻性變異系數(shù)隨排肥螺旋轉(zhuǎn)速增大而變小,,在轉(zhuǎn)速大于30r/min時,,排肥均勻性變異系數(shù)小于6.5%,總排肥量穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)和雙行排肥量一致性變異系數(shù)均小于2.2%,;同時研究表明一器雙行四頭螺旋排肥器能適應(yīng)廣泛應(yīng)用的不同類型油菜直播常用復(fù)合肥,,3種試驗肥料排肥均勻性變異系數(shù)均滿足施肥標準,總排肥量穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)和雙行排肥量一致性變異系數(shù)均低于3.3%,。田間試驗結(jié)果表明,,理論施肥量為28.87kg時,一器雙行螺旋排肥器實際施用量與理論施用量相對誤差為2.33%,,排肥均勻性變異系數(shù)為6.73%,,雙行排肥量一致性變異系數(shù)為1.98%。試驗結(jié)果滿足油菜直播生產(chǎn)施肥要求,,可為油菜直播排肥器的結(jié)構(gòu)改進和優(yōu)化提供參考,。

    Abstract:

    The outer grooved wheel fertilizer apparatus commonly used in rape direct seeding machine, has problems of inadequate fertilizer stability and low consistency coefficient of each row. Therefore, a quad-screw double-row fertilizer discharging device was designed. The movement of fertilizer particles in the device was analyzed. The range of the screw pitch and the speed of screw rotation were studied. The discharging device was best performed when the number of discharging screw was four and the screw pitch was 24mm, which was analyzed by EDEM simulations. The bench tests studied the discharging affection for the speed of screw rotation and adaptability with different fertilizers. The results showed that the discharging rate was increased while the speed of screw rotation was added from 20r/min to 60r/min;the discharging rate of single-row was raised from 461.19g/min to 1328.57g/min as well. The coefficient of variation (CV) of discharging rate was dropped with the increment of the screw rotation speed. When the screw rotation speed was over 30r/min, the CV of discharging rate was less than 6.5%. The CV of the total discharge rate and the CV between two single-row were both less than 2.2%. Also the results showed that the quad-screw double-row fertilizer discharging device was compatible with different types of fertilizers commonly used for rapeseed direct-seeding in Hubei Province. The CV of three kinds of fertilizers were all in keeping with the fertilization standards, and the CV of the total discharge rate and the CV between two single-row was less than 3.3%. Field test results showed that when the actual discharging amount was set as 28.87kg, the error of the discharging device between the actual discharging amount and the theoretical amount was 2.33%, the CV of discharging was 6.73%, and the CV between two single-row were both 1.98%. The results showed that the quad-screw double-row fertilizer discharging device met the demand of fertilization for rapeseed direct-seeding. The research result may provide a reference for the structural improvement of fertilizer discharging device for rapeseed direct-seeding.

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肖文立,廖宜濤,單伊尹,李蒙良,王磊,廖慶喜.油菜直播機四頭螺旋雙行排肥器設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2021,52(11):68-77. XIAO Wenli, LIAO Yitao, SHAN Yiyin, LI Mengliang, WANG Lei, LIAO Qingxi. Design and Experiment of Quad-screw Double-row Fertilizer Apparatus for Rape Seeding Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(11):68-77.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-05-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-11-10
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