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玉米壟作隨動(dòng)自調(diào)刃口角被動(dòng)圓盤(pán)式破茬刀設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2020YFD1000903)和黑龍江省應(yīng)用技術(shù)研究與開(kāi)發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(GA19B101)


Design and Experiment of Passive Disc Cutting Blade in Corn Ridges
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)耕整地機(jī)械和免耕播種機(jī)上被動(dòng)圓盤(pán)式破茬刀切割根茬和土壤時(shí)耕作阻力大,、耗油量高以及破茬比率低的問(wèn)題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種隨動(dòng)自調(diào)刃口角破茬刀。該自調(diào)破茬刀設(shè)有緩沖機(jī)構(gòu),,能夠根據(jù)不同深度根茬和土壤特性調(diào)整刃口角度實(shí)現(xiàn)低阻力,、深進(jìn)給切割。通過(guò)對(duì)試驗(yàn)地的多點(diǎn)土壤貫入阻力(土壤與根土結(jié)合體)測(cè)量以及土壤,、根茬摩擦角測(cè)量,,并結(jié)合理論分析與計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì),確定所設(shè)計(jì)的自調(diào)破茬刀緩沖機(jī)構(gòu)彈簧的勁度系數(shù)為42N/mm,,以此為主要參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)了自調(diào)破茬刀,。田間高速攝像驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)得到,當(dāng)自調(diào)破茬刀深度為25mm時(shí),,彈簧形變量與理論設(shè)計(jì)值相差6.9%,,深度為75mm時(shí),彈簧形變量與理論設(shè)計(jì)值相差7.3%,。且高速攝像結(jié)果顯示自調(diào)破茬刀切割根茬和土壤性能優(yōu)良以及緩沖機(jī)構(gòu)可行,,驗(yàn)證了設(shè)計(jì)思路的合理性與可行性。田間對(duì)比試驗(yàn)得到,,所設(shè)計(jì)的自調(diào)破茬刀相對(duì)于圓盤(pán)刀和缺口圓盤(pán)刀,,耕作阻力降低了13.3%和20.6%,,耗油量降低了19.3%和35.3%,破茬比率提高了16.1%和4.6%,,表明所設(shè)計(jì)的隨動(dòng)自調(diào)刃口角破茬刀作業(yè)性能與效果較優(yōu),。

    Abstract:

    A kind of stubble cutter was designed for cutting stubble and soil by ploughing machinery and no-tillage planter, which had the disadvantages of high resistance, high oil consumption and the impact of soil block on the cutting tool during the operation of stubble cutter. The self-regulating stubble cutter was provided with a buffer mechanism, which could adjust the cutting edge angle according to different depths of the stubble and soil characteristics to achieve low resistance and deep feed cutting. By measuring the penetration resistance of multi-point soil (soil and root soil) and the friction angle of soil and stubble, and combining with theoretical analysis and computer aided design, it was determined that the stiffness coefficient of spring of buffer mechanism of the self-regulating stubble cutter was 42N/mm. Then taking this as the main parameter and the self-regulating stubble cutter was designed. When the depth of the self-regulating stubble cutter was 25mm, the difference between the spring variable and the theoretical design value was 6.9%, and when the depth was 75mm, the difference between spring variable and theoretical design value was 7.3%. And the high speed camera showed that the performance of cutting stubble and soil of the self-regulating stubble cutter were good and the buffer mechanism was feasible, so the rationality and feasibility of the design idea were verified by both. Compared with disc cutter and notch cutter, the tillage resistance of the self-regulating stubble cutter was decreased by 13.3% and 20.6%, the oil consumption of the self-regulating stubble cutter was decreased by 19.3% and 35.3%, and the stubble breaking ratio of the self-regulating stubble cutter was increased by 16.1% and 4.6%, respectively. Therefore, the performance and work effect of the designed self-regulating stubble cutter were good.

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王加一,趙淑紅,高連龍,袁溢文,楊?lèi)偳?玉米壟作隨動(dòng)自調(diào)刃口角被動(dòng)圓盤(pán)式破茬刀設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(11):59-67. WANG Jiayi, ZHAO Shuhong, GAO Lianlong, YUAN Yiwen, YANG Yueqian. Design and Experiment of Passive Disc Cutting Blade in Corn Ridges[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(11):59-67.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-11-12
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2021-11-10
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