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指夾式馬鈴薯精密排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0700705)和黑龍江省科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(E2018008)


Design and Test of Pickup Finger Potato Precision Seed Metering Device
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)舀勺式馬鈴薯排種器攜種過(guò)程中種薯易受外界擾動(dòng)脫離舀勺而造成漏播,、清種過(guò)程清種振動(dòng)強(qiáng)度與種薯質(zhì)量不匹配而影響排種性能等問(wèn)題,,設(shè)計(jì)一種指夾式馬鈴薯精密排種器,通過(guò)控制夾板的開(kāi)合與擺動(dòng)進(jìn)行排種作業(yè),,在攜種過(guò)程中實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)種薯的可靠夾持,,在清種過(guò)程中通過(guò)改變夾板對(duì)種薯的約束條件實(shí)現(xiàn)單粒夾持,。為提高排種器作業(yè)性能,選取種床帶速度,、清種位移,、夾板長(zhǎng)度為試驗(yàn)因素,以合格指數(shù),、重播指數(shù),、漏播指數(shù)為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),采用三因素五水平二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)中心組合試驗(yàn)方法進(jìn)行了參數(shù)優(yōu)化試驗(yàn),,建立了各指標(biāo)的回歸模型,,分析了各因素對(duì)合格指數(shù)、重播指數(shù),、漏播指數(shù)的影響規(guī)律,。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)種床帶速度為6.0km/h,、清種位移為9.5mm,、夾板長(zhǎng)度為72mm時(shí),排種器合格指數(shù)為90.3%,、重播指數(shù)為6.1%,、漏播指數(shù)為3.6%,滿足播種技術(shù)要求,。

    Abstract:

    A pickup finger potato precision seed metering device was designed, because of that the traditional cup-belt potato seed metering device had some shortcoming on the seed clamping and seed transport process, and based on the opening, closing, swinging of splint in each process to control the position and movement of seed to achieve five processes of seed filling, seed clamping, seed clearing, seed transport and seed dropping, meeting the requirement of precision planting technology. The structural parameters of key components such as clamping fixture and slideway were designed and the change rule of limiting speed of seed filling and limiting position of seed cleaning was gotten by illustrating and analyzing the overall structure and working principle of each working process of the seed metering device. In order to prove the performance of pickup finger potato seed metering device, the experiment was employed through the method of quadratic orthogonal rotating center combination of three factors and five levels according to national standard (GB/T 6973—2005). In test, potato seed Dongnong 311 was selected as experimental material. Combining with extensive pre-experiment and theoretical analysis, the working speed, seed clearing shifting, length of splint were taken as the main influencing factors, and seed qualified index, multiple index, missing index were taken as the response index, the experimental research was carried out. The optimal combination of parameters were working speed of 6.0km/h, seed clearing shifting of 9.5mm, length of splint of 72mm, and under the optimal combinations, the qualified index was 90.3%, the multiple index was 6.1%, and the missing index was 3.6%, the verification test was repeated five times, the results indicated that the actual test results were in agreement with the optimization results.

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王業(yè)成,高云鵬,臺(tái)文碩,王宇,呂金慶,楊德秋.指夾式馬鈴薯精密排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(11):49-58. WANG Yecheng, GAO Yunpeng, TAI Wenshuo, WANG Yu, Lü Jinqing, YANG Deqiu. Design and Test of Pickup Finger Potato Precision Seed Metering Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(11):49-58.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-12-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-11-10
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