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規(guī)?;i場(chǎng)固糞好氧快速發(fā)酵工藝與設(shè)備研究
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018YFC0213305),、河北省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(20327314D),、河北省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系生豬創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目(HBCT2018110206),、河北省農(nóng)林科學(xué)院創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(2019-1-4-02)和石家莊市科學(xué)技術(shù)研究與發(fā)展計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(201080312A)


Design and Experiment of Rapid Compost Process and Equipment by Using Solid Manure on Scale Pig Farm
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)中小規(guī)模養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)糞污收集與利用處理效率低,、利用技術(shù)不配套等問題,,以存欄量2000頭的養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)為例,,計(jì)算了糞污的產(chǎn)生和收集量,,結(jié)合養(yǎng)豬現(xiàn)有設(shè)施基礎(chǔ),,設(shè)計(jì)了“日產(chǎn)日清,、原位處理”的豬糞好氧快速發(fā)酵高溫?zé)o害化處理工藝,設(shè)計(jì)了一種智能好氧高溫發(fā)酵罐,,并按照工藝設(shè)計(jì)要求,,在養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明:養(yǎng)殖規(guī)模為2000頭的養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng),,每天產(chǎn)生含水率60%的固糞1.2t,,主要構(gòu)筑物占地面積485.5m2,,其中設(shè)備占地13.2m2;豬糞發(fā)酵前后全氮損失率為8.3%,,全磷損失率為1.7%,,全鉀損失率為0;發(fā)酵產(chǎn)物含水率為43%,、蛔蟲卵死亡率100%,、糞大腸菌群數(shù)小于3個(gè)/g,均達(dá)到相關(guān)行業(yè)無害化衛(wèi)生要求標(biāo)準(zhǔn),;當(dāng)環(huán)境溫度為10~25℃時(shí),,發(fā)酵罐平均能耗為63.5kW·h/d。

    Abstract:

    The small and medium-sized scale pig farm in China has problems such as low efficiency of collection and utilization of manure, lack of corresponding processing equipment. Aerobic composting is an effective technology for the treatment and reuse of solid organic wastes in the form of organic fertilizer. The rapidly high temperature aerobic composting process and experiment were determined by calculating the amount of manure generation and collection, combined with the pig existing infrastructure on a scale farm with 2000 pigs. Then the equipment was verified in this pig farm. The results showed that 60% of the daily production wastes was solid manure which was about 1.2t and the main structure covered an area of 485.5m2 in which equipment covered an area of 13.2m2. The total nitrogen loss rate, total phosphorus loss rate and total potassium loss rate during the rapid aerobic compost process was 8.3%, 1.7% and 0, respectively. In addition, the moisture content of compost was 43% and the death rate of lumbricoid egg was 100%. Also, the number of fecal coliforms was less than 3CFU/g. These indicated the compost reached the standard of harmless hygiene in relevant industries. The average daily energy consumption of the fermentation tank was 63.5kW·h/d under the environmental conditions of 10~25℃. The adoption of this technical mode and equipment can realize daily cleaning, in situ treatment, timely conversion and return it to the field, which provided technical and equipment support for the harmless utilization of feces in small and medium-sized pig farms.

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袁興茂,李霄鶴,吳海巖,張俊杰,胡棟,孫太福.規(guī)?;i場(chǎng)固糞好氧快速發(fā)酵工藝與設(shè)備研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(9):355-360. YUAN Xingmao, LI Xiaohe, WU Haiyan, ZHANG Junjie, HU Dong, SUN Taifu. Design and Experiment of Rapid Compost Process and Equipment by Using Solid Manure on Scale Pig Farm[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(9):355-360.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-11-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-09-10
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