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基于滑塊搖桿機(jī)構(gòu)的柔性三指機(jī)器人手爪研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51505280)和上海市自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(18ZR1421300)


Flexible Robot Hand Based on Slider and Rocker Mechanism
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    摘要:

    多指機(jī)器人手爪普遍存在指端作用力弱的問(wèn)題,柔性機(jī)器人手爪也出現(xiàn)末端作用力不足的現(xiàn)象,,采用氣壓驅(qū)動(dòng)的軟體手爪雖驅(qū)動(dòng)力增強(qiáng),,但不利于手爪控制的準(zhǔn)確性,為此,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于滑塊搖桿機(jī)構(gòu)的柔性三指機(jī)器人手爪,。該手爪每根手指的指尖、指中節(jié)采用滑塊搖桿機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)現(xiàn),,不僅增強(qiáng)了指端作用力,而且結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,、易實(shí)現(xiàn),。為避免手指與目標(biāo)物的剛性接觸,手指尖,、指根運(yùn)動(dòng)均通過(guò)彈簧來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)手爪的柔性;指尖驅(qū)動(dòng)彈簧設(shè)計(jì)得較軟,,有利于初始接觸的柔性;指根采用腱傳動(dòng)方式,指根腱采用較硬的彈簧來(lái)傳遞舵機(jī)扭力,,可保證足夠的作用力;手指表面均設(shè)計(jì)有較平的表面,,有利于粘貼觸覺(jué)傳感器。通過(guò)理論分析與計(jì)算,,證明指尖可獲得較大的作用力,,并分析了彈簧的選取方法。通過(guò)抓取實(shí)驗(yàn)證明本文設(shè)計(jì)的機(jī)器人手爪具有較好的適應(yīng)性和抓取能力;與本課題組前期設(shè)計(jì)的鋼絲繩耦合欠驅(qū)動(dòng)式機(jī)器人手爪進(jìn)行了抓取力對(duì)比測(cè)試,,結(jié)果表明,,手爪的抓取力有了很大提升,最大抓取質(zhì)量達(dá)1.71kg;通過(guò)測(cè)試指端正壓力與驅(qū)動(dòng)舵機(jī)旋轉(zhuǎn)角的關(guān)系以及抓取典型目標(biāo)物的損傷情況,,證明了設(shè)計(jì)的手爪具有一定柔性,。有關(guān)性能實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了設(shè)計(jì)的手爪具有較好的實(shí)用性,。

    Abstract:

    A variety of the multi-finger robot hands have been developed up to now. However, most of them have weak force at the fingertip. Some of the flexible robot hands also have weak force at the fingertip. Although the soft hand with pneumatic actuation can have strong driving force, their control precision is low. A flexible robot hand based on slider and rocker mechanism was designed. It had three fingers. In each finger, the fingertip and the middle phalange were realized through a slider and rocker mechanism for which the force of the fingertip was strengthened. The tendon transmission was used for the proximal phalange, which guaranteed the driving force. The springs were used for the motion of the fingertip and proximal phalange to avoid the hard contact at the object. The spring that drove the fingertip was soft for good flexibility at initial contact. The spring that drove the proximal phalange was moderately hard to guarantee the sufficient force. The fingertip can achieve strong force through the mechanic analysis and computation. The analysis was performed on how to determine the springs. The experiments on grasping different common objects showed that the proposed robot hand had good adaptability and grasping ability. The experimental results on grasping force tests proved that the proposed robot hand can grasp much heavier objects compared with the former robot hand also designed by our research group. It can grasp an object with the maximum weight of 1.71kg. The tests on the relationship between the normal force of the fingertip and rotational angle of the servo motor of the proximal phalange and the destruction tests on grasping some typical objects were performed. The results showed that the proposed robot hand had good flexibility. These performances indicated the usefulness of the proposed robot hand.

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姚興田,王旭光,張磊,李紅兵,戴麗娟,陸觀.基于滑塊搖桿機(jī)構(gòu)的柔性三指機(jī)器人手爪研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(8):396-405. YAO Xingtian, WANG Xuguang, ZHANG Lei, LI Hongbing, DAI Lijuan, LU Guan. Flexible Robot Hand Based on Slider and Rocker Mechanism[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(8):396-405.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-03-27
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-08-10
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