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O.oeni糖苷酶活性對干白葡萄酒萜烯類香氣的影響
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國家自然科學(xué)基金地區(qū)基金項(xiàng)目(31760454,、32060581),、甘肅省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(17YF1NA060)、甘肅省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(20JR10RA527)和甘肅省葡萄酒產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展基金項(xiàng)目(20180820-07,、20180820-08)


Effect of Glycosidase Activity of Oenococcus oeni on Terpene Aroma Compounds of Dry White Wine
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    摘要:

    由酒酒球菌(O.oeni)引發(fā)的蘋果酸-乳酸發(fā)酵(MLF)在降低葡萄酒酸度的同時,,還伴隨著多種糖苷酶的合成釋放,該過程對源自葡萄中的鍵合態(tài)香氣前體物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化產(chǎn)生積極影響,。以分離,、鑒定的2株本土O.oeni菌株ZX-1,、GF-2為研究對象,以商業(yè)菌株VP41為對照,,分析探討單一發(fā)酵條件(初始pH值,、乙醇體積分?jǐn)?shù)、SO2添加量和發(fā)酵溫度)及復(fù)合釀酒條件對供試菌株的βD葡萄糖苷酶及雙糖苷酶活力累積量的影響,,通過微釀試驗(yàn)分析供試菌株接種發(fā)酵后的霞多麗干白葡萄酒中萜烯類香氣物質(zhì)的變化,。結(jié)果表明:隨著乙醇體積分?jǐn)?shù)及SO2添加量的增加,菌株的糖苷酶活力累積量均呈先上升,、后下降的變化趨勢;較高pH值條件更有利于O.oeni菌株糖苷酶的合成;βD葡萄糖苷酶和雙糖苷酶活力累積量對發(fā)酵溫度的響應(yīng)存在差異,。在復(fù)合釀酒條件下,本土O.oeni菌株的雙糖苷酶活力累積量顯著高于商業(yè)菌株VP41(P<0.05),,而βD葡萄糖苷酶活力累積量則略低于VP41,。SO2添加量對所有供試菌株的糖苷酶活性均有極顯著影響(P<0.01),pH值,、乙醇體積分?jǐn)?shù)對菌株ZX-1,、GF-2和VP41的糖苷酶活性有顯著影響(P<0.05),發(fā)酵溫度僅對菌株ZX-1,、VP41的βD葡萄糖苷酶和VP41的雙糖苷酶活性有顯著影響(P<0.05),。菌株的最佳產(chǎn)酶條件為:乙醇體積分?jǐn)?shù)12%、SO2添加量30mg/L,、pH值3.6,、發(fā)酵溫度22℃,在此條件下,,菌株GF-2的雙糖苷酶活力累積量最高(46.137mU/mL),,其次是ZX-1(45.932mU/mL)和VP41(37.011mU/mL)。微釀試驗(yàn)萜烯類化合物分析結(jié)果顯示,,本土O.oeni ZX-1發(fā)酵后的酒樣中雖然萜烯類物質(zhì)種類僅次于VP41處理后的酒樣,,但酒樣中的總含量卻較高,α松油醇,、香茅醇,、大馬士酮、芳樟醇等萜烯類物質(zhì)的質(zhì)量濃度高于閾值,,有效提升了品種香氣特征。

    Abstract:

    Malolactic fermentation (MLF) carried out by Oenococcus oeni(O.oeni) is the main method to reduce the acidity of the wine. Meanwhile, the synthesis and release of a variety of glycosidase will have a positive effect on the conversion of glycosylated precursor compounds originated from grapes. In this experiment, two O.oeni autochthonous strains ZX-1 and GF-2 isolated and identified from Hexi Corridor Region and the commercial strain VP41 were used as test and control strains, respectively. To analyze and discuss the effects of single fermentation conditions (initial pH value, ethanol concentration, SO2 addition and fermentation temperature) and the compound fermenting condition on the cumulative βD glucosidase and diglycosidase activities of the tested O.oeni strains. The changes of terpene aroma substances in the Chardonnay dry white wine fermented by the tested strains were analyzed by the microvinification experiment. The results showed that the cumulative glycosidase activity of the all tested strains was increased first and then decreased with the increase of ethanol concentration and SO2 addition. Higher pH value was more conducive to the synthesis of glycosidase produced by O.oeni strains, and there were differences in the response regulation of βD glucosidase and diglycosidase activity to fermentation temperature. Under the compound fermenting condition, diglycosidase activity of the O.oeni autochthonous strains were significantly higher than that of the commercial strain VP41 (P<0.05), but βD glucosidase activity were slightly lower than that of strain VP41. The SO2 addition had a very significant impact on the glycosidase activity of the all tested strains (P<0.01), and the pH value and ethanol concentration had a significant impact on the glycosidase activity of strains ZX-1, GF-2 and VP41 (P<0.05). The fermentation temperature only had a significant effect on the βD glucosidase activity of strain ZX-1 and VP41 as well as the diglycosidase activity of VP41 (P<0.05). The optimum conditions for glycosidase production of the tested strains were ethanol concentration of 12%, SO2 addition of 30mg/L, pH value of 3.6, and fermentation temperature of 22℃. Under the above conditions, the highest cumulative diglycosidase activity produced by strain GF-2 was 46.137mU/mL, followed by ZX-1 of 45.932mU/mL and VP41 of 37.011mU/mL. Results of the microvinification experiment showed that although the types of terpene compounds in the wine sample fermented by O.oeni autochthonous strain ZX-1 were less than that in VP41 fermented wine, the total content of terpenes were higher. The contents of α-terpineol, citronellol, damastone and linalool in the ZX-1 fermented wine were higher than the threshold, which effectively enhanced the varietal aroma characteristics of Chardonnay dry white wine.

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祝霞,趙丹丹,李俊娥,毛亞玲,韓舜愈,楊學(xué)山. O. oeni糖苷酶活性對干白葡萄酒萜烯類香氣的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(8):363-373. ZHU Xia, ZHAO Dandan, LI June, MAO Yaling, HAN Shunyu, YANG Xueshan. Effect of Glycosidase Activity of Oenococcus oeni on Terpene Aroma Compounds of Dry White Wine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(8):363-373.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-11-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-08-10
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