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氣流霧滴脅迫和冠層孔隙變化對沉積性能影響解耦研究
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國家自然科學基金項目(52075308、51475278),、山東省農(nóng)業(yè)機械設備研發(fā)創(chuàng)新項目(2018YF002)和山東省農(nóng)業(yè)重大應用技術創(chuàng)新項目(SD2019NJ003)


Decoupling on Influence of Air Droplets Stress and Canopy Porosity Change on Deposition Performance in Air-assisted Spray
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    摘要:

    氣流輔助噴霧中氣流導致的冠層孔隙變化和對霧滴脅迫作用的影響是耦合的,,兩者最終影響霧滴沉積性能,明晰兩者的耦合比例對沉積性能的影響,,可為風送參數(shù)優(yōu)化和噴霧模式改進提供指導,。本文以盛花期棉花為研究對象,通過設計解耦試驗方案,,分析氣流輔助施藥過程中氣流霧滴脅迫和冠層孔隙變化對霧滴沉積行為的不同影響,。首先,借助高速相機標定棉花枝葉風載下的變形量,,得到氣流速度,、葉面積、變形量三者間的擬合關系,通過仿真葉片風載變形試驗得出,,仿真葉片與真實葉片的風載變形相對誤差在17%之內(nèi),,從而確定了仿真枝葉模型應用于風送噴霧試驗的可行性;然后,基于棉花生長發(fā)育的枝葉構(gòu)型3/8規(guī)律,,搭建冠層孔隙可風載變形的方案1棉花模型,,測量方案1棉花冠層內(nèi)氣流場數(shù)據(jù),計算風載后枝葉變形量,,并使用物理手段固定枝葉變形量,,形成風載變形后冠層孔隙固定的方案2棉花模型,將自然狀態(tài)下棉花枝葉固定,,保持風載下冠層孔隙不變作為方案3棉花模型;最后,,針對3種試驗方案的棉花模型,通過改變輔助氣流風速進行了風送沉積試驗,。結(jié)果表明:相較于冠層孔隙變化,,氣流對霧滴的脅迫作用更有利于霧滴在冠層內(nèi)的沉積行為,兩者對于霧滴沉積量的提升比例分別為39.81%和10.52%;相比于氣流對霧滴的脅迫作用,,冠層孔隙增大形成的霧滴運移通道更有利于霧滴在冠層內(nèi)的均勻分布,,兩者對沉積均勻性的提升比例分別為42.71%和1.10%。本研究可為基于不同作物冠層孔隙變化特性的新型噴霧模式設計提供參考,。

    Abstract:

    In the air-assisted spray, the change in the porosity of the canopy caused by the wind speed of the auxiliary airflow and the effect on the droplet migration were coupled, and the two ultimately affected the droplet deposition performance. Studying the effect of the coupling ratio of the two on the deposition performance can provide guidance for the optimization of air-assisted spray parameters and the improvement of spray patterns. Taking cotton in the full blooming period as the research object, and the different effects of the decoupling of the two on the droplet deposition behavior were analyzed by designing a decoupling test plan. Firstly, the deformation of cotton branches and leaves under wind load was calibrated with the help of a high-speed camera, and the fitting relationship among air velocity, leaf area and deformation was obtained. Through carrying out the wind load deformation test of the fake blade, it was verified that the wind load deformation error of the fake blade and the real blade was basically less than 17%. The plan of using the simulated cotton model to be applied to the air-assisted spray test was determined. Then, according to the 3/8 rule of the branch and leaf configuration of cotton growth and development, a cotton model of Scheme 1 in which the canopy porosity can be changed by wind load was built. The data of the airflow field in the cotton canopy was measured, and the deformation of branches and leaves under different wind speeds was calculated. Physical means were used to fix the deformation of branches and leaves, and a Scheme 2 cotton model was formed with fixed canopy porosity after wind load deformation. The cotton branches and leaves was fixed in the natural state and the canopy porosity was kept unchanged under wind load as the cotton model of Scheme 3. Finally, for the cotton models of the three test schemes, the auxiliary air flow velocity was changed to carry out air-assisted droplet deposition experiments. The test results showed that the migration effect of airflow on droplets was more favorable to the deposition behavior of droplets in the canopy than changes in canopy porosity. The effect of air flow on the movement of droplets increased the droplet deposition rate by 39.81%, and the change in canopy porosity increased the droplet deposition rate by 10.52%. The droplet transport channel formed by the increase of canopy pores was more conducive to the uniform distribution of droplets in the canopy than the transport effect of airflow on the droplets. The increase in the porosity of the canopy increased the deposition uniformity by 42.71%, and the transport effect of the air flow on the droplets increased the deposition uniformity by 1.10%. This decoupling method can provide a reference for the design of spray patterns for different crop canopy porosity changes.

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劉雪美,宋來其,崔慧媛,劉一沖,劉興華,武民慶.氣流霧滴脅迫和冠層孔隙變化對沉積性能影響解耦研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2021,52(8):117-126,,137. LIU Xuemei, SONG Laiqi, CUI Huiyuan, LIU Yichong, LIU Xinghua, WU Minqing. Decoupling on Influence of Air Droplets Stress and Canopy Porosity Change on Deposition Performance in Air-assisted Spray[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(8):117-126,137.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-09-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-08-10
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