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免耕播種機(jī)側(cè)深分層施肥播種部件設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2020YFD1000902)


Design and Experiment on Side Deep and Layered Fertilizing and Seeding Components of No-tillage Planter
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    摘要:

    為減少追肥機(jī)具進(jìn)地次數(shù),、最大限度地提高肥料利用率,,針對(duì)因秸稈殘茬分布不均、側(cè)深施肥導(dǎo)致播種帶兩側(cè)土壤緊實(shí)度不一致而引起免耕播種機(jī)橫向穩(wěn)定性差,、掉壟的問(wèn)題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種可以底肥側(cè)位深施,、口肥垂直分施的免耕播種機(jī)側(cè)深分層施肥播種部件。以直斜錯(cuò)位雙圓盤(pán)肥種溝開(kāi)溝器的圓盤(pán)直徑,、圓盤(pán)夾角和圓盤(pán)傾角為試驗(yàn)因素,以前進(jìn)阻力,、側(cè)向合力及開(kāi)溝深度穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),,對(duì)影響機(jī)具橫向穩(wěn)定性和作業(yè)質(zhì)量的參數(shù)進(jìn)行分析和試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明,,當(dāng)圓盤(pán)直徑為352 mm,、圓盤(pán)夾角為14°、圓盤(pán)傾角為7.5°時(shí),,肥種溝開(kāi)溝器前進(jìn)阻力為585.96 N,、側(cè)向合力為181.95 N、開(kāi)溝深度穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)為91.46%,。樣機(jī)性能試驗(yàn)表明,,種肥垂直距離合格率為91.7%,種肥側(cè)向距離合格率為92.4%,,播種深度變異系數(shù)為10.7%,,播種橫向變異系數(shù)為28.4%,滿足側(cè)深施肥播種質(zhì)量要求,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of straw stubble distribution inhomogeneity, inconsistent soil compaction on both sides of the seeding belt due to side deep fertilizing, which causes the problems of lateral instability and ridgedropping of the no-tillage planter, at the same time, in order to lessen the number of times the topdressing equipment enters the ground and maximize the fertilizer utilization rate, the side deep and layered fertilizing and seeding components of no-tillage planter was designed, which could apply the base fertilizer laterally and deeply and distribute the seed manure vertically. Also, the field experiments were carried out on the parameters that affected the lateral stability of the no-tillage planter and the operating quality. The influence factors of the field experiments included the disc diameter, disc angle and disc dipping of staggered double disc fertilizer ditch opener. Evaluation indices included the forward resistance, lateral force and ditching depth stability coefficient. The results showed that when the disc diameter was 352 mm, the disc angle was 14°, and the disc dipping was 7.5°, the forward resistance of the staggered double disc fertilizer ditch opener was 585.96 N, the lateral force of the staggered double disc fertilizer ditch opener was 181.95 N, and the ditching depth stability coefficient was 91.46%. The prototype performance experiment results showed that the seed fertilizer vertical distance qualification rate was 91.7%, the seed fertilizer lateral distance qualification rate was 92.4%, the sowing depth variation coefficient was 10.7%, and the sowing width variation coefficient was 28.4%, which could satisfy the side deep fertilizing and sowing quality requirements.

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趙艷忠,王勇,龔振平,楊悅乾,趙淑紅,茍金保.免耕播種機(jī)側(cè)深分層施肥播種部件設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(8):40-50. ZHAO Yanzhong, WANG Yong, GONG Zhenping, YANG Yueqian, ZHAO Shuhong, GOU Jinbao. Design and Experiment on Side Deep and Layered Fertilizing and Seeding Components of No-tillage Planter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(8):40-50.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-03-05
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-08-10
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