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谷物聯(lián)合收獲機篩分裝置研究現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展分析
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國家自然科學基金項目(52075091)


Research Status and Development Analysis of Screening Devices of Grain Combine Harvester
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    摘要:

    篩分是谷物聯(lián)合收獲作業(yè)的關鍵工序,,篩分裝置的作業(yè)質(zhì)量直接影響聯(lián)合收獲機的作業(yè)性能?,F(xiàn)有篩分裝置性能可基本滿足谷物收獲作業(yè)要求,但鑒于農(nóng)業(yè)物料的多樣性,、作業(yè)環(huán)境的多變且不可控性以及谷物聯(lián)合收獲機的高速作業(yè)性,,在進行篩分時由于物料喂入量增大和物料含水率的升高,從而產(chǎn)生物料堵塞篩孔、潮濕物料粘附篩體,、物料流動性差,、篩分效率低等問題,。本文以篩體結構和篩體驅動機構為切入點,,概述谷物篩分裝置的研究現(xiàn)狀和研究方法,從不同領域篩分技術的借鑒與互補以及篩分裝置高效化,、智能化,、信息化的發(fā)展角度出發(fā),指出谷物篩分裝置技術的發(fā)展趨勢,,為我國谷物篩分技術研究和篩分裝置的創(chuàng)新設計提供參考,。

    Abstract:

    Screening is one of the critical processes of grain harvesting. The performance of the combine harvester is directly affected by the operating quality of the screening device. The performance of the screening devices can meet the basic requirements of grain harvesting. However, the development of screening technology was affected by some factors, for example, the diversity of agricultural materials, the complexity of the operating environment, and the requirements for agricultural machinery of having the capability of high-speed operation, which resulted in the increase of the throughput and the irregular change of the moisture content. And the difficulty of high-quality-efficient screening would be increased. Screen structure and its driving mechanism were the critical parts of the screening device. The motion of particles on the screen, such as slipping, being thrown upwards, static, and so on, was affected by the shape of the screen, the configuration of the screen hole, the screen material, and other factors. And the performance of the screening device would be affected. The driving mechanism of the screen could achieve the multi-dimensional motion of the screen. The reasonable motion of the screen could accomplish the rapid dispersion of the materials on the screen for penetrating the screen holes efficiently. And the screening efficiency of the device could be improved. The screening technology’s key idea was to solve the contradiction among the screening efficiency, loss percentage of grains, and the impurity percentage of grains. In other words, the grains should penetrate the screen holes efficiently, and the materials other than grains should not penetrate the screen holes but discharge from the device. The purpose of screening was to recover of the full-value grains to ensure the economic value of the grains. These problems were considered, such as particles blocking screen holes, low screening efficiency of devices in a high-throughput, poor fluidity of particles, and wet particles adhering to the screen surface. The research status of screening devices applying to grain was investigated based on the screen’s structure and its driving mechanism. The reference and supplement of grain screening technology, and the efficient and intelligent development of screening devices were discussed. A reference was provided for the research of the grain screening technology and the design of the innovative device in China.

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王立軍,宋良來,馮鑫,王后升,李懿航.谷物聯(lián)合收獲機篩分裝置研究現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2021,52(6):1-17. WANG Lijun, SONG Lianglai, FENG Xin, WANG Housheng, LI Yihang. Research Status and Development Analysis of Screening Devices of Grain Combine Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(6):1-17.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-03-13
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-06-10
  • 出版日期: 2021-06-10
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