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設(shè)施蔬菜臭氧植保機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2019YFD1101100,、2020YFD1000300)和北京市農(nóng)林科學(xué)院創(chuàng)新能力建設(shè)專項(xiàng)(KJCX20211003)


Design and Experiment of Multi-functional Plant Protection Machine for Controlling Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests in Greenhouses
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    根據(jù)設(shè)施蔬菜病蟲害綠色防控需求,,設(shè)計(jì)了一款多功能植保機(jī),并配套設(shè)計(jì)了信息管理系統(tǒng),。該機(jī)主要包括臭氧發(fā)生,、電路控制、高速風(fēng)機(jī),、誘蟲燈,、環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)采集等功能模塊,各模塊由STM32F103微處理器進(jìn)行控制,。采用高壓放電法制取臭氧,,通過配備的風(fēng)機(jī)及氣流導(dǎo)向板將臭氧擴(kuò)散至整個設(shè)施空間,實(shí)現(xiàn)病菌,、害蟲卵,、幼蟲的消殺;利用誘蟲燈將害蟲成蟲吸引至設(shè)備底部,,通過風(fēng)機(jī)產(chǎn)生的吸力將其吸入設(shè)備內(nèi)并殺滅,。基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)體系架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的信息管理系統(tǒng)可實(shí)現(xiàn)多功能植保機(jī)的遠(yuǎn)程控制和植保數(shù)據(jù)的智能管理,。應(yīng)用多功能植保機(jī)進(jìn)行了溫室黃瓜白粉病和煙粉虱的防治試驗(yàn),,結(jié)果表明,,使用該設(shè)備后,在黃瓜全生長期可將黃瓜白粉病的病情指數(shù)控制在5.9,,對黃瓜煙粉虱的防治效果可達(dá)89.5%,。

    Abstract:

    Diseases and insect pests can seriously affect the yield and quality of greenhouse vegetables. Spraying chemical pesticides is currently the most effective method to control diseases and insect pests. However, the extensive use of chemical pesticides, on the one hand, leads to pathogenic bacteria and pests becoming resistant to chemical pesticides, which eventually makes prevention and control more difficult and, on the other hand, causes serious environmental pollution and leaves pesticide residues that are a threat to people’s health. Developing green control technology for diseases and insect pests is an important way to reduce the amounts of chemical pesticides used. A new type of ozone sterilizer device, named multi-functional plant protection machine, and an information management system was designed. The device included mainly ozone generation, circuit control, high-speed fan, trap lamp, environmental data acquisition, and other modules. All the modules were controlled by a STM32F103 microprocessor. The machine used a high-voltage discharge method to produce ozone that could be rapidly and evenly diffused into the whole facility space through the high-speed and large-volume fan and special air duct. At the required concentration, the ozone could oxidize and decompose eggs and larvae of insects, bacteria, and fungi, and inhibit virus reproduction. The device had yellow and blue lights to attract adult insects, which were then sucked into the machine by the fan and killed. The information management system had IoT-based architecture and included a mobile app. This web-based information management system interacted mainly with the data center to realize intelligent management of plant protection data. The device could be controlled remotely using the mobile APP for real-time adjustment of the fan’s wind speed, adjustment of ozone release, collection of environmental data, and opening of the trap lamp and other functions. The multi-functional plant protection machine was tested for its ability to control cucumber powdery mildew and Bemisia tabaci in several greenhouse facilities. The test results showed that after using the equipment during the whole growth period of the cucumber, the disease index of cucumber powdery mildew was controlled at 5.9, and the control effect on Bemisia tabaci reached 89.5%. The multifunctional plant protection machine effectively controlled cucumber powdery mildew and Bemisia tabaci in the greenhouses. The research result provided a reference for green control of diseases and insect pests in facilities that grow vegetables.

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王志彬,喬曉軍,劉智,王瑩,李玉風(fēng).設(shè)施蔬菜臭氧植保機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2021,52(5):293-300. WANG Zhibin, QIAO Xiaojun, LIU Zhi, WANG Ying, LI Yufeng. Design and Experiment of Multi-functional Plant Protection Machine for Controlling Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests in Greenhouses[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(5):293-300.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-01-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-05-10
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