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履帶式林間草帶收割機(jī)設(shè)計與試驗(yàn)
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現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項資金項目(CARS-34)


Design and Experiment of Crawler-type Grass Belt Harvester in Forest
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    摘要:

    林下種草是近年來人工林普遍采用的林下經(jīng)濟(jì)模式,。針對林草種植模式中因林木間距小、植被茂盛,、地表不平,、視野受限而帶來的牧草收獲困難等問題,設(shè)計了一款履帶式林間草帶收割機(jī),,該機(jī)主要特點(diǎn)是幅寬小,、轉(zhuǎn)彎靈活,適合林間牧草收獲作業(yè)和硬雜草,、稀疏灌木的切割作業(yè),。根據(jù)實(shí)地調(diào)研提出基于林間作業(yè)環(huán)境的割草機(jī)設(shè)計要求,,通過對割草機(jī)行走系統(tǒng)、切割系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行分析計算,,確定了履帶,、圓盤式切割器的主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),分析了圓盤式切割器的運(yùn)動軌跡和牧草被割斷后的運(yùn)動狀態(tài),,并采用力學(xué)計算和仿真模擬的方式計算了機(jī)架的受力情況,。試制樣機(jī),并進(jìn)行了林間牧草收獲試驗(yàn),,結(jié)果表明,,收割機(jī)的平均作業(yè)速度為0.42m/s,割茬高度7.6cm,,割幅利用系數(shù)為0.94,。說明所設(shè)計的履帶式林間草帶收割機(jī)能夠適應(yīng)人工林作業(yè)環(huán)境,滿足林間牧草收獲作業(yè)要求,。

    Abstract:

    Planting grass under forest is an under-forest economic model commonly used in plantations in recent years. In the forest and grass planting model, it is difficult to harvest forages and labor intensity caused by narrow tree spacing, lush vegetation, uneven ground, and limited visibility. A crawler-type forest grass belt harvester was developed. Its main features were small width, flexible turning, strong ground surface adaptability and low ground pressure. It was suitable for harvesting forest grass and cutting hard weeds and sparse shrubs. Through literature analysis and field investigation, four design requirements based on the working environment in the forest was put forward, so as to analyze the walking system, cutting system and supporting frame of the harvester. The specific ground pressure of the harvester was calculated, the cutting trajectory of the cutter and the motion state of the forage after being cut was analyzed, and the force state and deformation of the frame under special working conditions was analyzed through a combination of theoretical calculation and simulation analysis. And the dangerous section of the frame was found and the structure of the frame was strengthened to ensure the safety and reliability of the harvester. According to the standard arrangement test of the forage harvester, the operating speed of the harvester was 0.42m/s, the cutting height was 7.6cm, and the cutting width utilization factor was 0.94. The results show that the crawler-type inter-forest grass belt harvester can adapt to the operating environment under the artificial forest, and it can be used for forage harvesting in the small-distance forest and grass planting mode, which can reduce the labor intensity of artificially harvesting forage.

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祝露,王德成,尤泳,鄔備,馬文鵬,郇曉龍.履帶式林間草帶收割機(jī)設(shè)計與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2021,52(4):126-133. ZHU Lu, WANG Decheng, YOU Yong, WU Bei, MA Wenpeng, HUAN Xiaolong. Design and Experiment of Crawler-type Grass Belt Harvester in Forest[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(4):126-133.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-07-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-04-10
  • 出版日期: 2021-04-10
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