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四通道全自動(dòng)油茶成熟鮮果脫殼機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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中國(guó)林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院林業(yè)新技術(shù)研究所基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)(CAFYBB2019SZ011)和浙江省省院合作林業(yè)科技項(xiàng)目(2016SY02)


Design and Experiment of Four-channel Fully Automatic Shelling Machine for Ripe Fresh Camellia oleifera Fruit
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)油茶成熟鮮果在脫殼過(guò)程中存在脫凈率低、茶籽破損率高等問(wèn)題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種四通道全自動(dòng)油茶成熟鮮果脫殼機(jī),。通過(guò)對(duì)油茶果進(jìn)行四通道分級(jí),使不同大小的油茶果進(jìn)入相應(yīng)的脫殼滾筒內(nèi),,通過(guò)油茶果與脫殼套筒的相互撞擊以及油茶果之間碰撞,、擠壓、搓擦的綜合作用實(shí)現(xiàn)脫殼,。選取油茶成熟鮮果為研究對(duì)象,,以茶果脫凈率、茶籽破損率為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),,以茶果喂入量,、脫殼桿扭度和脫殼桿直徑為試驗(yàn)因素,采用L9(34)正交試驗(yàn),、方差分析和加權(quán)綜合評(píng)分法對(duì)油茶成熟鮮果脫殼機(jī)的脫殼效果進(jìn)行分析,。結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)茶果喂入量1500kg/h、脫殼桿扭度30°,、脫殼桿直徑23mm時(shí),,該脫殼機(jī)脫殼效果最佳。對(duì)脫殼機(jī)進(jìn)行3次最佳參數(shù)組合下的脫殼試驗(yàn),,取3次試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的平均值作為油茶成熟鮮果脫殼機(jī)最終的脫凈率和茶籽破損率,,計(jì)算得出該脫殼機(jī)的脫凈率為98.85%、茶籽破損率為3.24%,研究表明,,該四通道全自動(dòng)油茶成熟鮮果脫殼機(jī)達(dá)到預(yù)期設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo),,能夠較好地完成油茶果脫殼作業(yè)。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of low shelling rate and high breakage rate in the process of shelling ripe fresh Camellia oleifera fruits, a four-channel fully automatic shelling machine was designed. The shelling machine classified the Camellia oleifera fruit through four channels, so that the Camellia oleifera fruit within a certain size range entered the corresponding shelling drum. In the shelling drum, Camellia oleifera fruit was shelled through the comprehensive action of mutual impact with the shelling sleeve and collision, extrusion and rubbing between Camellia oleifera fruit. By selecting the ripe fresh Camellia oleifera fruit as the research object, the shelling rate of Camellia oleifera fruit and the breakage rate of Camellia oleifera seeds were used as the evaluation indicators, and the feed amount of camellia oleifera fruit, the twisting rate of the shelling bar and the diameter of the shelling rod was the experimental factor. The L9 (34) orthogonal test, analysis of variance and weighted comprehensive scoring method were used to analyze the shelling effect of the ripe fresh Camellia oleifera fruit shelling machine. The test result showed that the feeding amount of Camellia oleifera fruit was 1500kg/h, the twisting degree of the shelling rod was 30°, and the diameter of the shelling rod was 23mm, the shelling machine achieved the best shelling effect. The shelling machine was tested three times with the best combination of parameters, and the average value of the three tests was taken as the final shelling rate and breakage rate. After calculation and analysis, the shelling rate of the ripe fresh Camellia oleifera fruit shelling machine was 98.85%, and the seed breakage rate was 3.24%, the test results showed that the four-channel fully automatic Camellia oleifera ripe fresh fruit shelling machine reached the expected design goal and can well complete the Camellia oleifera fruit shelling operation.

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湯晶宇,王東,寇欣,曲振興,徐克生.四通道全自動(dòng)油茶成熟鮮果脫殼機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(4):109-116. TANG Jingyu, WANG Dong, KOU Xin, QU Zhenxing, XU Kesheng. Design and Experiment of Four-channel Fully Automatic Shelling Machine for Ripe Fresh Camellia oleifera Fruit[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(4):109-116.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-07-03
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2021-04-10
  • 出版日期: 2021-04-10
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