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施加生物炭對(duì)黑土區(qū)坡耕地改土培肥效應(yīng)的持續(xù)影響
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51479033)、黑龍江省博士后基金項(xiàng)目(LBH-Z17017)和東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)水資源高效利用重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開放項(xiàng)目(2017009)


Continual Influences of Applying Biochar on Soil Improvements in Sloping Farmland of Black Soil Region in Northeast China
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    摘要:

    為探明施加生物炭對(duì)黑土坡耕地的持續(xù)影響,,以東北黑土區(qū)1.5°,、3°、5°的坡耕地田間徑流小區(qū)為研究對(duì)象,,對(duì)土壤結(jié)構(gòu)及其養(yǎng)分進(jìn)行為期4年的觀測(cè),。于2016年試驗(yàn)開始前,按75t/hm2一次性施加玉米秸稈生物炭,,各坡度均設(shè)置不施加生物炭的對(duì)照組,,共計(jì)6個(gè)小區(qū),后續(xù)年份不再施加生物炭,。結(jié)果表明,,單次施加生物炭能夠提高土壤氣相、液相比例,,提高通氣性和持水能力,,改善土壤三相比例,,較對(duì)照組土壤孔隙度提高2.83%~5.56%,,土壤容重降低1.89%~3.62%。施炭后土壤中有機(jī)質(zhì),、銨態(tài)氮,、速效鉀含量顯著提高,分別提高9.54%~18.21%,、21.35%~28.02%,、11.99%~22.71%。各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均隨著時(shí)間的推移有所降低,。采用隨機(jī)森林回歸模型評(píng)估得出綜合肥力等級(jí)指數(shù),,并擬合回歸方程預(yù)測(cè)2020—2022年等級(jí)指數(shù),比較肥力變化情況得出單次施用生物炭對(duì)培肥土壤作用的有效年限為6~7年,。

    Abstract:

    In order to ascertain the sustained influence of the application of biochar on sloping farmland in black soil region of Northeast China, field runoff plots with 1.5°, 3° and 5° of typical slops in the region was chosen, where the 4-years experiments were conducted, and soil structure and soil nutrients were observed. In 2016, before the start of the experiment, biochar derived from corn straw was applied with 75t/hm2 in the soil, and a control group was without biochar application on each slope plots, counted up to six plots. Biochar was not applied in subsequent years. The results showed that the application of biochar can increase soil gas phase and liquid phase ratio, improve soil aeration, improve soil threephase ratio, and then increase porosity by 2.83%~5.56% and decrease bulk density by 1.89%~3.62%. The contents of organic matter, ammonium nitrogen and available potassium in the soil were significantly increased after the application of biochar, increased by 9.54%~18.21%, 21.35%~28.02%, and 11.99%~22.71%, respectively. And the effects of above was weakened with time. A random forest regression model was used to evaluate the comprehensive fertility grading indexes and fit the regression equation to predict the indexes of 2020—2022. Comparing fertility changes, it was concluded that the reasonable and effective life for one time application of biochar on soil fertility in the region would be 6~7 years.

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魏永霞,肖敬萍,王鶴,石蘊(yùn),劉慧.施加生物炭對(duì)黑土區(qū)坡耕地改土培肥效應(yīng)的持續(xù)影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(3):305-314. WEI Yongxia, XIAO Jingping, WANG He, SHI Yun, LIU Hui. Continual Influences of Applying Biochar on Soil Improvements in Sloping Farmland of Black Soil Region in Northeast China[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(3):305-314.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-06-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-03-10
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