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鮮蓮子去皮機設計與參數(shù)優(yōu)化
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江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新資金項目(CX181007)


Design and Parameter Optimization of Fresh Lotus Seeds Peeling Machine
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    摘要:

    鮮蓮子蓮皮緊緊依附在蓮仁表面,,采用手工去皮成本高,、效率低,,難以滿足生產(chǎn)需求,。由于缺乏對水射流去皮機理及參數(shù)的研究,造成蓮子去皮率低,、損傷率高,,為此設計一款基于水射流去皮的鮮蓮子去皮機。將水射流壓力,、水射流傾角以及帶輪直徑作為影響去皮效果的因素,,以去皮率、損傷率,、帶帽頭率,、開邊率、掉蓮率為評價指標,,采用Design-Expert軟件進行三因素三水平的響應曲面優(yōu)化試驗,。結果表明:對去皮率、損傷率以及帶帽頭率的影響程度從大到小均依次為水射流壓力,、水射流傾角,、帶輪直徑;對開邊率的影響程度從大到小依次為水射流傾角,、水射流壓力,,帶輪直徑對開邊率的影響非常小,;掉蓮率都在1%左右,,與3個影響因素無關。優(yōu)化后最佳作業(yè)參數(shù)分別為:水射流壓力0.7MPa,、水射流傾角18°,、帶輪直徑68mm,其指標預測值分別為:去皮率91.16%,、損傷率0.96%,、帶帽頭率2.40%、開邊率0.04%。采用優(yōu)化后的參數(shù)進行驗證試驗,,得出去皮率為92.63%,、損傷率為1.24%、帶帽頭率為2.72%,、開邊率為0.21%,,各項指標的試驗結果與理論預測結果的絕對誤差均小于1.5%,驗證了模型與所優(yōu)化參數(shù)的合理性,。

    Abstract:

    Lotus seed is a kind of nourishing food, which can be eaten and used medicinally. The fresh lotus seed is mainly composed of lotus shell, lotus kernel, lotus seed coat, lotus core, etc. The lotus shell is wrapped in the outside of the lotus kernel, and the lotus seed coat is tightly attached to the surface of the lotus kernel, while the lotus core grows in the inside of the lotus kernel. In order to improve the taste, the seed coat usually should be removed before eating due to the bitter astringent taste. However, the lotus seed coat is very difficult to be removed, and manual peeling is laborious. A fresh lotus seed peeling machine was designed based on water jet. To improve the operation performance of the machine, the operation parameters of the peeling machine were studied. The water jet pressure, water jet angle and the processing speed were chosen as the main factors, and the peeling rate, damage rate, with head rate, openside rate and drop rate were chosen as the main evaluation indicators. The three-factors and three-level response surface was designed by the Design-Expert software. The test results was showed as follow: considering the effect of peeling rate, damage rate and with head rate, the degree order of influence from big to small was water jet pressure, water jet angle and processing speed;considering the effect of openside rate, the degree order of influence from big to small was water jet angle, water jet pressure and processing speed, but the effect of processing speed on the openside rate was very small;these test factors had almost no effect on the drop rate, and the drop rate was almost 1%, which was perhaps caused by other unknown factors. The optimal operating parameters of the machine were as follows: the water jet pressure was 0.7MPa, the water jet angle was 18°, and the pulley diameter was 68mm. The predicted value was as follows: the peeling rate was 91.16%, the damage rate was 0.96%, the with head rate was 2.40%, and the openside rate was 0.04%. The machine was adjusted to the optimized parameters for verification tests, the peeling rate was 92.63%, the damage rate was 1.24%, the with head rate was 2.72%, and the openside rate was 0.21%. Comparing the above results, it can be seen that the absolute errors of the experiment results and theoretical optimization results were controlled within a relatively small range, which verified the rationality of the model and the optimized parameters, these work would provide a theoretical basis for the performance improvement of fresh lotus peeling machine.

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徐諧慶,丁為民,張萬里,劉木華.鮮蓮子去皮機設計與參數(shù)優(yōu)化[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2021,52(1):338-349. XU Xieqing, DING Weimin, ZHANG Wanli, LIU Muhua. Design and Parameter Optimization of Fresh Lotus Seeds Peeling Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(1):338-349.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-04-27
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-01-10
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