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玉米全膜雙壟溝殘膜回收機(jī)優(yōu)化設(shè)計與試驗
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農(nóng)業(yè)部公益性行業(yè)科研專項(201503105),、國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(52065005,、51775115)和甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)盛彤笙創(chuàng)新基金項目(GSAU-STS-2018-27)


Improved Design and Experiment of Collector for Corn Whole Plastic Film Mulching on Double Ridges
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    摘要:

    針對現(xiàn)有玉米全膜雙壟溝殘膜回收機(jī)作業(yè)中存在起膜單體仿形能力差、易堵塞,、根茬易被挑起及卸膜難等問題,,對機(jī)具的起膜裝置、卷膜裝置及卷膜裝置的傳動方案進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計,。起膜裝置由8個仿形起膜單體,、滑塊、導(dǎo)軌及調(diào)壓彈簧組成,,起膜單體能夠隨地形上下仿形,,解決了根茬被挑起、堵塞及沖擊振動問題,。卷膜裝置由主從動錐型卷膜輥,、輔助卷膜齒和聯(lián)動卸膜轉(zhuǎn)臂組成。其中,,卷膜輥應(yīng)用了摩擦傳動恒線速度機(jī)理,,保證卷膜松緊程度均勻;輔助卷膜齒采用快速插接機(jī)構(gòu)插接在主從動錐型動卷膜輥上,,實現(xiàn)殘膜高效纏繞,;主從動卷膜輥設(shè)計為錐型結(jié)構(gòu),便于脫膜,;聯(lián)動卸膜轉(zhuǎn)臂能夠保證主從動錐型卷膜輥近似直線分開,,使卸膜較為便捷。通過分析偏心伸縮彈齒的運(yùn)動,,確定了彈齒周向分布4個,。以殘膜回收率、纏膜率和含雜率為評價指標(biāo),采用正交試驗得出樣機(jī)最優(yōu)工作參數(shù)為:前進(jìn)速度3km/h,、偏心伸縮彈齒挑膜滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速60r/min,、卷膜輥轉(zhuǎn)速90r/min。以最優(yōu)工作參數(shù)進(jìn)行了田間試驗驗證,,結(jié)果表明,,作業(yè)機(jī)殘膜回收率為89.46%,纏膜率為1.93%,,含雜率為25.53%,,滿足全膜雙壟溝殘膜回收技術(shù)要求。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem of poor profiling effect, easy congestion, stubble lifting, and unsatisfactory film unloading performance of the existing collector machine for corn whole plastic film mulching on double ridges, the improved design of film lifting, film rolling device and the transmission scheme of the machine were carried out. The film lifting device consisted of eight profiling film lifting monomers, slider, guide rail and pressure regulating spring, which can be profiled up and down with the terrain, and solved the problems of stubble lifting, congestion and impact vibration. The film rolling device was composed of main and subordinate moving cone-shaped film rolling roller, the auxiliary film rolling teeth and the linkage film unloading rotating arm. Among them, the film rolling roller was applied as the constant linear speed mechanism of friction transmission to ensure the uniform tightness of the film rolling. The auxiliary film rolling teeth were inserted on the main and subordinate moving film rolling roller by the fast insertion mechanism to realize the efficient winding of the residual film. The main and subordinate moving film rolling roller was designed as the cone-shaped structure to facilitate film unloading. The linkage film unloading rotating arm can ensure that the main and secondary cone-shaped roll were separated approximately in a straight line, which made the film unloading easier and faster. By analyzing the movement of eccentric telescopic elastic teeth, it was determined that the number of circumferential distribution of elastic teeth was 4. Taking the orthogonal test as the optimization design method, the recovery rate, winding rate and impurity content rate of the residual film as the evaluation index, the optimal working parameters of the prototype were obtained by using the comprehensive balance method, which was the forward speed of 3km/h, the rotation speed of the eccentric retractable elastic tooth take-up drum was 60r/min, and the rotation speed of the film roll was 90r/min. The field test was carried out with the optimal working parameters. The test results showed that the recovery rate of the residual film of the machine was 89.46%, the wrapping rate was 1.93%, and the impurity rate was 25.53%. The result met the technical requirements of the collector for corn whole plastic film mulching on double ridges and can provide a reference for the design of the residual film recovery machine.

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王久鑫,趙武云,劉小龍,戴飛,辛尚龍,吳正文.玉米全膜雙壟溝殘膜回收機(jī)優(yōu)化設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2021,52(1):119-128. WANG Jiuxin, ZHAO Wuyun, LIU Xiaolong, DAI Fei, XIN Shanglong, WU Zhengwen. Improved Design and Experiment of Collector for Corn Whole Plastic Film Mulching on Double Ridges[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(1):119-128.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-04-01
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-01-10
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