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三葉式自動清換種大豆育種氣吸排種器設計與試驗
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現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術體系建設專項資金項目(GARS-04)和國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2018YFD0201004)


Design and Experiment of Three-leaf Type Air-suction Seed Meter with Automatic Clear and Replace Seeds Features for Soybean Plot Test
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    摘要:

    為了提高大豆育種試驗中小區(qū)播種環(huán)節(jié)的機械化、自動化水平和播種精確度,,針對大豆小區(qū)育種播種機清換種技術難題,,設計了一種三葉式自動清換種大豆育種氣吸排種器。以電機為動力源,驅(qū)動三葉式輔助充種清換種機構與齒輪式排種盤協(xié)同工作,,完成相鄰小區(qū)之間的不停機快速清種,、換種和充種。闡述了排種器基本結構與工作原理,,結合育種試驗的要求,,運用TRIZ理論空間分離原理,對關鍵部件進行理論分析,,并確定了結構參數(shù),。對三葉式輔助充種清換種機構進行EDEM虛擬仿真,分析了輔助充種過程,,確定了達到最佳輔助充種效果時的葉片傾角,。根據(jù)小區(qū)育種農(nóng)藝要求,以作業(yè)速度,、真空度,、清換種時間為試驗因素,以合格指數(shù),、重播指數(shù),、漏播指數(shù)、清換種距離為試驗指標,,進行了三因素五水平二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)中心組合試驗,,結果表明:最佳工作參數(shù)組合為作業(yè)速度5.3km/h、真空度4.6kPa,、清換種時間0.3s,,此時排種器合格指數(shù)95.29%、重播指數(shù)3.29%,、漏播指數(shù)1.42%,、清換種距離554.6mm,滿足大豆育種試驗的播種要求,。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the mechanization and automation level and accuracy of the soybean plot test, aiming at the bottleneck problem of soybean plot seeder cleaning and replacing technology, a kind of threeleaf type airsuction seed meter with automatic clear and replace seeds features for soybean plot test was designed. The motor was used as the power source to drive the gear seed plate and the threeleaf auxiliary seed filling and cleaning and replacing mechanism to quickly complete the nonstop seed cleaning, seed replacing and seed filling between neighboring plot. The basic structure and working principle of the seed meter were described, and key components were theoretically analyzed to determine the structural parameters based on the requirements of the breeding test. Combined with the requirements of breeding test, the structural parameters were determined through theoretical analysis of key components with the spatial analysis principle of TRIZ theory. The EDEM virtual simulation of the threeleaf auxiliary seed filling and cleaning and replacing mechanism was performed to analyze the auxiliary seed filling process and determine the blade inclination angle of the best auxiliary seed filling effect. According to the agronomic requirements of community breeding, a threefactor fivelevel quadratic orthogonal rotation center combination test was carried out, and the working speed, vacuum degree, and cleaning and replacing seed time were taken as test factors, and the eligibility index, replay index, missed index, and cleaning and replacing distance were selected as the test indicators. The result showed that when the optimal parameter combination was as follows: working speed was 5.3km/h, vacuum degree was 4.6kPa, and cleaning and replacing seed time was 0.3s, the eligibility index was 95.29%, replay index was 3.29%,missed index was 1.42%, and the cleaning and replacing distance was 554.6mm, which met the sowing requirements of soybean plot test.

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陳海濤,王洪飛,王業(yè)成,史乃煜,魏志鵬,竇玉寬.三葉式自動清換種大豆育種氣吸排種器設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2020,51(12):75-85. CHEN Haitao, WANG Hongfei, WANG Yecheng, SHI Naiyu, WEI Zhipeng, DOU Yukuan. Design and Experiment of Three-leaf Type Air-suction Seed Meter with Automatic Clear and Replace Seeds Features for Soybean Plot Test[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(12):75-85.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-02-05
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-12-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-12-10
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