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基于飽和土壤埋深調(diào)控的水稻節(jié)水灌溉技術(shù)研究
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFC0400103)和江蘇省高校優(yōu)秀科技創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目


Water-saving Irrigation Technology of Rice Based on Regulation of Depth of Saturated Soil
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    摘要:

    采用盆栽試驗(yàn)和Hydrus-1d模型模擬相結(jié)合的方法,,研究了不同耗水強(qiáng)度下稻田落干脫水過(guò)程中土壤含水率與飽和土壤埋深的變化規(guī)律,,建立了土壤含水率與飽和土壤埋深之間的定量關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明,,在稻田落干脫水過(guò)程中,,土壤含水率與飽和土壤埋深具有很好的同步變化規(guī)律,采用率定后的Hydrus-1d模型能夠較好地模擬稻田落干脫水過(guò)程中二者的變化,。試驗(yàn)和模擬結(jié)果均顯示,,節(jié)水灌溉稻田土壤含水率與飽和土壤埋深之間呈明顯的二次拋物線關(guān)系,即飽和土壤埋深隨著稻田落干脫水過(guò)程中土壤含水率的降低而增大,?;诙咧g的定量關(guān)系與傳統(tǒng)土壤含水率指標(biāo)臨界值,計(jì)算得到了飽和土壤埋深指標(biāo)臨界值,,確定了各生育期飽和土壤埋深臨界值區(qū)間為(0.27m,,0.50m),由此提出了以飽和土壤埋深為調(diào)控指標(biāo)的水稻節(jié)水灌溉技術(shù),。該技術(shù)采用易于觀測(cè)的飽和土壤埋深作為控制指標(biāo),,克服了以土壤含水率、田間無(wú)水層天數(shù)等控制指標(biāo)帶來(lái)的監(jiān)測(cè)成本高,、測(cè)量精度低等問(wèn)題,,在準(zhǔn)確反映田間水分狀況的同時(shí),滿足了節(jié)水灌溉規(guī)?;瘧?yīng)用的需求,。

    Abstract:

    Putting forward easilyobserved and operate rice watersaving irrigation regulation indicators is of great significance to promote the largescale application of rice watersaving irrigation technology. The method of pot experiment and model scenario simulation (Hydrus-1d) was used to study the variation of soil moisture and the depth of saturated soil during the drying and dehydration of paddy fields under different water intensities. The quantitative relationship between the soil moisture and the depth of saturated soil were established. The results show that the soil moisture and the depth of saturated soil during the paddy field dehydration had a good synchronous change law. The correlation coefficient between the measured soil moisture and the simulated soil moisture was 0.758 by using the Hydrus-1d model, which can better simulate the synchronous change of the two in the process of rice field dehydration. Both the experiment and the simulation results showed that there was a clear quadratic parabolic relationship between the soil moisture and the depth of saturated soil in the watersaving irrigation paddy field, that was, the depth of saturated soil was increased with the decrease of soil moisture in the process of rice field dehydration. In addition, based on the quantitative relationship between the two and the traditional critical value of soil moisture index, the critical value of the depth of saturated soil index was calculated, and the critical value of saturated soil depth in each growth period was ranged from 0.27m to 0.50m, forming a watersaving irrigation technology of rice with saturated soil depth as the control index. The technology used easilyobserved depth of saturated soil as a control index, which overcame the problems of high monitoring cost and low measurement accuracy brought by using the soil moisture and a fixed number of days in an anhydrous layer as the control index, accurately reflecting the field moisture status, and at the same time, it met the needs of largescale application of watersaving irrigation.

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徐俊增,程衡,衛(wèi)琦,陳鵬,欒雅珺,蔡少杰.基于飽和土壤埋深調(diào)控的水稻節(jié)水灌溉技術(shù)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(10):345-352. XU Junzeng, CHENG Heng, WEI Qi, CHEN Peng, LUAN Yajun, CAI Shaojie. Water-saving Irrigation Technology of Rice Based on Regulation of Depth of Saturated Soil[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(10):345-352.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-05-26
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-10-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-10-10
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