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縱軸流輥式組合玉米柔性脫粒分離裝置設計與試驗
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山東省重大科技創(chuàng)新工程項目(2018CXGC2015),、國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2018YFD03006)、中國博士后科學基金項目(2018M642685),、山東省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)體系玉米創(chuàng)新團隊機械加工崗位專家項目和山東省農(nóng)業(yè)重大應用技術創(chuàng)新項目(SD2019NJ005)


Design and Experiment of Roller-type Combined Longitudinal Axial Flow Flexible Threshing and Separating Device for Corn
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    摘要:

    為滿足黃淮海地區(qū)較高含水率玉米籽粒直收作業(yè)要求,,解決現(xiàn)有籽粒收獲機籽粒破碎率和未脫凈率高、玉米芯軸苞葉易堵塞凹板等問題,,在分析現(xiàn)有脫粒裝置結構特點的基礎上,,設計了一種“柔性釘齒+雙扭簧壓力短紋桿”組合式脫粒元件和“六棱孔網(wǎng)格篩+魚鱗式脫粒橡膠輥”組合式脫粒凹板相配合的柔性脫粒分離裝置。對關鍵部件進行理論分析,,確定了影響脫粒性能的主要因素,,利用搭建的縱軸流輥式組合玉米柔性脫粒試驗臺進行單因素試驗,得到脫粒性能較好時滾筒轉速,、輥筒傳動比以及脫粒間隙的變化范圍,。以滾筒轉速、輥筒傳動比和脫粒間隙為試驗因素,,以籽粒破碎率,、未脫凈率為指標進行三因素三水平正交試驗。結果表明,,對籽粒破碎率和未脫凈率影響由大到小均為滾筒轉速,、輥筒傳動比、脫粒間隙,;最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合為滾筒轉速475r/min,、輥筒傳動比1.5、脫粒間隙45mm,,此時籽粒破碎率為3.76%,,未脫凈率為0.52%。對該組合進行試驗驗證,,各指標符合國家相關標準要求,。

    Abstract:

    Corn grain harvesting has become the development trend of corn harvest in China. However, the grain harvesting mechanization is still backward in Huang-Huai-Hai region for the wheatcorn rotation planting pattern. The grain moisture content of corn is about 30% when harvesting. Its low level of the existing grain harvester is unable to meet the requirement of corn grain harvesting with higher moisture content. The broken grains for mechanical threshing are prone to mildew which even threaten food security. The high breaking rate and high un-threshing rate of the traditional threshing and separating device in Huang-Huai-Hai region have been the choke points of grain harvesting development. In order to solve these problems, the longitudinal axial flow flexible threshing and separating device was designed with the combined threshing element and rollertype combined threshing concave. The rollertype combined threshing concave with sixedged mesh sieve and fish scale threshing rubber roller was designed with different traditional concave plate. To verify the feasibility of low damage harvesting, the test device was built and the working mechanism was introduced in detail. Based on the theoretical analysis of the structure, three parameters, i.e. cylinder speed, transmission ratio between roller and cylinder and threshing clearance were chosen as the influence factors of test experiment. And the breaking rate and unthreshed rate could represent the threshing and separating performance. Reasonable variation rage of various factors was determined through single factor experiment. On this basis, threefactor and threelevel orthogonal experiment was carried out. The results showed that the order of influence factors on the breaking rate and unthreshed rate was both cylinder speed, transmission ratio between roller and cylinder and threshing clearance. The optimal conditions were as below: the cylinder speed was 475r/min, the transmission ratio between roller and cylinder was 1.5 and the threshing clearance was 45mm. Under the above conditions, the breaking rate was 3.76% and the unthreshed rate was 0.52%. The verification test showed that this device had good threshing and separating performance, which can meet the requirement of the national standards in China. The research results can provide the references for low damage corn grain harvesting technology.

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陳美舟,徐廣飛,王傳旭,刁培松,張銀平,牛國棟.縱軸流輥式組合玉米柔性脫粒分離裝置設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2020,51(10):123-131. CHEN Meizhou, XU Guangfei, WANG Chuanxu, DIAO Peisong, ZHANG Yinping, NIU Guodong. Design and Experiment of Roller-type Combined Longitudinal Axial Flow Flexible Threshing and Separating Device for Corn[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(10):123-131.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-07-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-10-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-10-10
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