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基于離散元的馬鈴薯收獲機波浪形篩面參數(shù)優(yōu)化與試驗
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山東省重大科技創(chuàng)新工程項目(2017CXGC0219)、國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0701603-02),、山東省泰山產(chǎn)業(yè)領軍人才工程高效生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新類項目(LJNY201615)和山東省農(nóng)機化裝備研發(fā)創(chuàng)新項目(2016YF034)


Parameter Optimization and Test of Potato Harvester Wavy Sieve Based on EDEM
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    摘要:

    針對分段式馬鈴薯收獲機薯土分離環(huán)節(jié)傷薯率和破皮率較高的問題,,在適應國內(nèi)北方種植模式和農(nóng)藝特點的條件下,,對分離篩后半段采用波浪形篩面薯土減損分離的結構進行優(yōu)化。在分析影響碎土分離過程和薯塊運動特征的關鍵因素的基礎上,,基于構建的離散元土塊和薯塊模型,,明晰了不同波浪形篩面結構參數(shù)和運行參數(shù)對碎土分離過程和薯塊碰撞特征的影響,;同時,,結合實際工況,驗證波浪形篩面薯土分離減損形式的結構合理性和可行性,,確定采用振動與波浪形雙重分離形式,,以期實現(xiàn)較佳的薯土分離和減損效果。試驗表明:在2個波峰,、2個波谷同等分離行程條件下,,波浪形篩面傾角較大時適宜較小的分離篩運行速度,較優(yōu)的參數(shù)組合為波浪形篩面傾角35°,、分離篩運行速度1.0m/s,,此時傷薯率和破皮率分別為1.31%和1.44%;波浪形篩面傾角較小時適宜較大的分離篩運行速度,,較優(yōu)的參數(shù)組合為波浪形篩面傾角15°,、分離篩運行速度2.0m/s,此時傷薯率和破皮率分別為1.46%和1.67%,,相關測試指標能夠滿足作業(yè)需求,。

    Abstract:

    In consideration of the fact that the high rate of damage and bruising of potatoes is the bottleneck of potato harvest mechanization process, the potato’s damage and bruising mechanism, mainly including the impact and collision between potatoes and soil buffer production of potatoes, is not clear. Therefore, it is difficult to combine high efficiency separation with low loss harvesting, resulting in large economic losses, which limits the development of highperformance potato harvester. In the present work, the damage mechanism of potatoes was studied as key point, and the high efficiency, damage reduction and loss prevention in the potato harvesting process were taken as the research objectives. Under the condition of adapting to the planting pattern and agronomic characteristics in the north of China, the separation form of wavy separating sieve was proposed, and the separation mechanism of clods crushing and mechanical characteristics of potatoes on wavy separating sieve were clarified based on the discrete element method (DEM). It was found that the large inclination angle of wavy separating sieve was suitable for the small difference of wavy separating sieve running speed. Simultaneously, combined with the actual working condition of vibration separation, the separation form of damage control device of vibration and wavy separating sieve of potato harvester was optimized. It was demonstrated that the number of cresttrough on the wavy separating sieve in the second half of the separation sieve was two, that was, two wave crest and two wave trough. As a result, under the condition of the same separation distance stroke, when the wave screen surface inclination angle was large, it was suitable for the smaller separation screen operation speed. When the inclination angle on wavy separating sieve was 35°, the separation sieve running speed was 1.0m/s, the damage and bruising rate of potatoes were 1.31% and 1.44%, respectively. When inclination angle on wavy separating sieve was 15° and the separation sieve running speed was 2.0m/s, the damage and bruising rate of potatoes were 1.46% and 1.67%, respectively. It was noteworthy that the performance indexes of the damage control device of vibration and wavy separating sieve of potato harvester met the relevant standards.

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魏忠彩,蘇國粱,李學強,王法明,孫傳祝,孟鵬祥.基于離散元的馬鈴薯收獲機波浪形篩面參數(shù)優(yōu)化與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2020,51(10):109-122. WEI Zhongcai, SU Guoliang, LI Xueqiang, WANG Faming, SUN Chuanzhu, MENG Pengxiang. Parameter Optimization and Test of Potato Harvester Wavy Sieve Based on EDEM[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(10):109-122.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-07-07
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-10-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-10-10
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