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不同加工方式和蛋白組成下冰淇淋脂肪球低溫失穩(wěn)研究
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黑龍江省自然科學基金項目(LH2019C030)和黑龍江省高校創(chuàng)新人才項目(UNPYSCT-2017013)


Effect of Processing Patterns and Protein Compositions on Destabilization of Fat Globules at Low Temperatures in Ice Cream Emulsions
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    摘要:

    利用乳清濃縮蛋白(WPC)和大豆分離蛋白(SPI)部分替代乳蛋白(SMP),,對3種蛋白質(zhì)組成(乳蛋白,、乳蛋白-大豆分離蛋白和乳蛋白-乳清濃縮蛋白)的冰淇淋漿料進行均質(zhì)前殺菌和均質(zhì)后殺菌(65℃,、30min)的不同加工處理,,通過分析攪打凝凍前后的脂肪球粒度分布和表面蛋白吸附特性,、漿料流變學特性以及冰淇淋的融化率,、膨脹率、硬度,、氣泡分布和感官特性,,探究加工方式和蛋白質(zhì)組成對脂肪球低溫失穩(wěn)作用及冰淇淋質(zhì)構(gòu)形成的影響。結(jié)果表明:乳蛋白冰淇淋脂肪球的失穩(wěn)程度,、流變學特性以及質(zhì)構(gòu)特性不受加工方式的影響,。而對部分替代乳蛋白的混合蛋白冰淇淋漿料,兩種加工方式均導(dǎo)致脂肪球粒度,、表面蛋白質(zhì)吸附量和漿料稠度系數(shù)的增加,,相比于均質(zhì)前殺菌,采用均質(zhì)后殺菌使脂肪球表面蛋白質(zhì)被蔗糖脂肪酸酯替代的程度增大,,更有利于脂肪球發(fā)生低溫失穩(wěn)和冰淇淋質(zhì)構(gòu)形成,,此時SMP3WPC7、SMP7SPI3兩種混合蛋白冰淇淋的部分聚結(jié)度分別為282.19%和252.70%,,冰淇淋具有更高的膨脹率和抗融性,,氣泡分布均勻度更佳。

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    Whey protein concentrate and soy protein isolate were used to partially substitute milk protein. The effect of processing patterns and protein compositions on the fat globules destabilization at low temperatures and textural formation of ice creams was studied by pasteurization at 65℃ for 30minutes prior or after homogenization. Their formulations with milk proteins, milkwhey proteins and milksoy proteins were made. Parameters such as fat particle size distribution, protein surface coverage, rheological property of mixes, ice cream overrun, melting rate, hardness, air bubble distribution and sensory property of ice cream were analyzed. The results indicated that the fat destabilization index, rheological property and texture properties of ice cream with milk proteins were not affected by processing patterns. However, for mixed proteins with milkwhey proteins or milksoy proteins ice cream emulsions, two kinds of processing patterns led to the increase in fat particle size, protein surface coverage and consistency index. Pasteurization treatment after homogenization resulted in higher displaced rate of adsorbed protein by sucrose fatty acid ester when compared with pasteurization prior homogenization, which favored the destabilization of fat droplets and texture formation of ice cream. The partial coalescence degree for milkwhey protein and milksoy protein ice cream was 282.19% and 252.70%, respectively. Moreover, ice cream showed high overrun values, and good melting resistance ability and bubble distribution uniformity. 

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程金菊,王東,李曉東.不同加工方式和蛋白組成下冰淇淋脂肪球低溫失穩(wěn)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2020,51(8):365-371. CHENG Jinju, WANG Dong, LI Xiaodong. Effect of Processing Patterns and Protein Compositions on Destabilization of Fat Globules at Low Temperatures in Ice Cream Emulsions[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(8):365-371.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-05-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-08-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-08-10
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